Influence of starvation at low temperatures on utilization of energy reserves, appetite recovery and growth character in sea bass,Dicentrarchus labrax

Pastoureaud, Annie

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(91)90296-j

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…over 11 mg l -1 TA-N). In sea bass a similar decrease in fat content was described by Pastoureaud (1991) when the feeding level was reduced under the effect of low temperature. In this study, metabolic pathways were not apparently affected at the ammonia concentrations tested, and were qualitatively maintained.…”

Section: Effect Of Ammonia On Acclimated Fish (Period 1 Day 19-61 Ansupporting

confidence: 51%

“…The usual observations made when feeding fish after a period of starvation or feed restriction were observed during the third period: hyperphagy (Saether and Jobling, 1999;Xie et al, 2001), compensatory growth (Weatherley and Gill, 1981;Dobson and Holmes, 1984;Pastoureaud, 1991), absence of increase in the CV of weight (Jobling and Koskela, 1996;Jobling et al, 1999), and improved feed efficiency (Boujard et al, 2000). Our study is original in the sense that feed restriction was a consequence of an external pollutant and that the fish were free to regulate their feeding level.…”

Section: Return To Ammonia-free Conditions (Period 3)mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…This recurring observation seems to be independent from the cause: temperature (Pastoureaud, 1991;Nicieza and Metcalfe, 1997), partial feed restriction (Jobling and Koskela, 1996;Nicieza and Metcalfe, 1997;Saether and Jobling, 1999), full starvation (Rueda et al, 1998;Boujard et al, 2000;Wang et al, 2000) or pollutants (Jobling, 1994). The duration and intensity of food deprivation have an effect on the subsequent compensation.…”

Section: Return To Ammonia-free Conditions (Period 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Dosdat

2003

Aquatic Living Resources

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The chronic effects of exposing sea bass (average initial weight 100 g) to ammonia in water at 22°C were first evaluated over a 61-day period (period 1, P1) during which nine different groups were submitted to nine ambient ammonia levels ranging from 0.014 to 0.493 mg l -1 NH 3 -N (0.53-16.11 mg l -1 total ammonia nitrogen (TA-N)) and fed using self-feeders. At the end of P1, the fish were starved for 10 days (P2). Their recovery capacity was tested over 43 days (P3) after which the exogenous ammonia supply was stopped in all treatments and the fish were allowed to feed. After 20 days of exposure a highly significant effect of ammonia was evident from the decrease in feeding activity, voluntary feed intake (VFI) and specific growth rate (SGR), and the increase in the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Ammonia exposure had no effect on circadian feeding rhythm or hourly actuation profiles. At the end of P1, the fish seemed to have adapted to all ambient ammonia concentrations tested since feeding and growth parameters were independent of ammonia levels. But they were unable to compensate for growth losses. Physiological adjustments were observed: plasma TA-N concentrations were positively related to ambient TA-N while there was no major disturbance in plasma urea. Plasma tri-iodo-thyronine concentrations were affected by ambient ammonia concentrations and there were no significant changes in hydromineral balance. During P2, oxygen consumption and urea excretion did appear to have been affected by ambient ammonia. When the exogenous supply of ammonia was stopped (P3), fish exhibited hyperphagia and compensatory growth. In fish previously exposed to the highest ammonia levels, SGR and VFI were highest, and their FCR was improved. At the end of the experiment the final average weights were similar in all of the treatments (range 337-396 g). Depending on the concentrations used, ammonia exposure may enhance subsequent fish appetite and growth rate and have a similar effect on growth performances as restricting feeding level. Within the range tested, no detrimental effect of ammonia on the metabolic capacity of the fish, measured by oxygen consumption and urea excretion, or on their physiological status was recorded, and the fish had a good recovery capacity. In the conditions of the experiment, the non-observable effect concentration (NOEC) was 6 mg l -1 .

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Section: Effect Of Ammonia On Acclimated Fish (Period 1 Day 19-61 Ansupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Return To Ammonia-free Conditions (Period 3)mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Return To Ammonia-free Conditions (Period 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Dosdat

2003

Aquatic Living Resources

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“…Phase I, which is transient and short (a few days), uses a mixture of protein, lipids and carbohydrates, then Phase II relies most heavily on stored lipids, until these are depleted at which point the animal enters Phase III, when it is in a state of starvation and uses structural proteins as fuels. These phases have not been explicitly investigated in sea bass (Pastoureaud, 1991) but, in farmed individuals, lipids are rapidly mobilised, in particular from perivisceral stores, within the first few days of fasting at 22°C, a temperature similar to the current study (Echevarría et al, 1997;Chatzifotis et al, 2011). Lipids then constitute a major fuel for at least 50 days of extended fasting at that temperature, beyond which there is evidence of increased reliance on proteins, hence presumably entry into true starvation, Phase III (Echevarría et al, 1997;Chatzifotis et al, 2011).…”

Section: Fasting Tolerance Reflected Phenotypic Variation In the Relamentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological mechanisms underlying individual variation in tolerance of food deprivation in juvenile European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax

McKenzie

Vergnet

Chatain

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Although food deprivation is a major ecological pressure in fishes, there is wide individual variation in tolerance of fasting, whose mechanistic bases are poorly understood. Two thousand individually tagged juvenile European sea bass were submitted to two 'fasting/feeding' cycles each comprising 3 weeks of food deprivation followed by 3 weeks of ad libitum feeding at 25°C. Rates of mass loss during the two fasting periods were averaged for each individual to calculate a population mean. Extreme fasting tolerant (FT) and sensitive (FS) phenotypes were identified that were at least one and a half standard deviations, on opposing sides, from this mean. Respirometry was used to investigate two main hypotheses: (1) tolerance of food deprivation reflects lower mass-corrected routine metabolic rate (RMR) in FT phenotypes when fasting, and (2) tolerance reflects differences in substrate utilisation; FT phenotypes use relatively less proteins as metabolic fuels during fasting, measured as their ammonia quotient (AQ), the simultaneous ratio of ammonia excretion to RMR. There was no difference in mean RMR between FT and FS over 7 days fasting, being 6.70±0.24 mmol h −1 fish −1 (mean ± s.e.m., N=18) versus 6.76±0.22 mmol h −1 fish −1 (N=17), respectively, when corrected to a body mass of 130 g. For any given RMR, however, the FT lost mass at a significantly lower rate than FS, overall 7-day average being 0.72±0.05 versus 0.90±0.05 g day −1 fish −1 , respectively (P<0.01, ttest). At 20 h after receiving a ration equivalent to 2% body mass as food pellets, ammonia excretion and simultaneous RMR were elevated and similar in FT and FS, with AQs of 0.105±0.009 and 0.089±0.007, respectively. At the end of the period of fasting, ammonia excretion and RMR had fallen in both phenotypes, but AQ was significantly lower in FT than FS, being 0.038±0.004 versus 0.061±0.005, respectively (P<0.001, t-test). There was a direct linear relationship between individual fasted AQ and rate of mass loss, with FT and FS individuals distributed at opposing lower and upper extremities, respectively. Thus the difference between the phenotypes in their tolerance of food deprivation did not depend upon their routine energy use when fasting. Rather, it depended RESEARCH ARTICLE 1 UMR5119, Ecologie des systèmes marins côtiers (ECOSYM), Place Eugène Bataillon, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. upon their relative use of tissue proteins as metabolic fuels when fasting, which was significantly lower in FT phenotypes.

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“…These adaptations vary with environmental conditions, fish species, starvation period and refeeding protocols (De Silva et al, 1997;Jobling and Johansen, 1999;Simkins, 2002;Perez-Jimenez et al, 2007;Peres et al, 2011). Studies have shown that, following starvation period, feed intake and growth increased very rapidly in European seabass with the renormalisation of the living environment or start of refeeding (Pastoureaud, 1991;Perez-Jimenez et al, 2007;Comoglio et al, 2008). Seabass can withstand long-term starvation conditions, however water temperature plays an important role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of restricted feeding on the growth and body composition of European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758)

et al. 2016

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The aim of this study was to determine the effects of restricted feeding on the growth and body composition in juvenile European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax, (Linnaeus, 1758). Four different feeding regimes were tested in fishes having average weight of 6.57±0.09 g. The three treatment groups were fed three times a day adopting three different regimes: 6 days feeding/1 day starvation (6F/1S), 5 days feeding/2 days starvation (5F/2S) and 4 days feeding/3 days starvation (4F/3S) for a period of 60 days. Control group (C) was fed daily three times a day. At the end of the study the average weights were 31.21±1.39 g (C), 36.47±1.33 g (6F/1S), 29.01±1.01 g (5F/2S) and 24.21±0.82 g (4F/3S) respectively (p<0.05). SGR were 2.54±0.17 (C), 2.64±0.20 (6F/1S), 2.37±0.06 (5F/2S) and 2.10±0.09 (4F/3S) (p<0.05) and FCR values recorded were 1.29±0.05 (C), 1.12±0.01 (6F/1S), 1.21±0.01 (5F/2S) and 1.24±0.01 (4F/3S). Crude protein and lipid values in restricted feeding groups were higher than those of the control group (p<0.05) while SFA and MUFA values increased with starvation period while DHA, EPA, PUFA and Omega-3 values decreased with starvation period (p<0.05). Results of the study clearly showed that restricted feeding had effect on the growth parameters, biochemical composition and fatty acid compositions in European seabass.

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Influence of starvation at low temperatures on utilization of energy reserves, appetite recovery and growth character in sea bass,Dicentrarchus labrax

Cited by 50 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Effect of chronic exposure to ammonia on growth, food utilisation and metabolism of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Physiological mechanisms underlying individual variation in tolerance of food deprivation in juvenile European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax

Effect of restricted feeding on the growth and body composition of European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758)

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