Influence of stocking density on the performance, carcass characteristics and selected welfare indicators of broiler chickens

Ravindran, V.; Thomas, David G.; Camden, B. J.; Cottam, Y. H.; Morel, P. C. H.; Cook, Christian J.

doi:10.1080/00480169.2004.36408

Cited by 116 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Imaeda (2000) reported that along with an increase in the number of broilers per square metre, especially in summer months elevated ammonia levels in the air caused death as a result of ammonia poisoning. It was found that broiler density per unit area did not impact mortality in this study and similar findings were confirmed in other studies (Thomas et al 2004;Onbasilar et al 2008). Limited feeding program using in the Pf groups reduced BW and WG during all production period compare to ad libitum fed birds.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…However, in general, references indicate that increasing the number of birds per unit depresses growth rate and FI (Thomas et al 2004;Muniz et al 2006;Sahin et al 2007). In this study, the size of pens, feeder and drinker space and location were identical in all pens.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Any deviation from optimal conditions may impair performance (Imaeda 2000;Dozier et al 2006). High stocking density can reduce performance because of several factors such as high environmental temperature in the microclimate of the bird, inadequate air exchange, increasing ammonia level and impeded access to feed and water (Thomas et al 2004;Muniz et al 2006;Onbasilar et al 2008). In addition, limited feeding programs reduce final body weight (BW) and daily weight gain, but they improve feed efficiency (Saleh et al 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impact of stocking density and feeding regimen on broilers: performance, carcass traits and bone mineralisation

Şimşek

Çiftçi

Çerçi

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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To evaluate the effects of different stocking densities (22.5, 18.75, 15, 11.25, 7.5 broilers/m 2 ) in ad libitum (Al) and limited or pair feeding (Pf) regimens a total of 2550 Ross-308 chicks were taken. All the Pf groups were provided the same amount of feed per broiler, as determined for the Al-fed group with 22.5 broilers/m 2 . Daily weight gain and feed intake were reduced (P5 0.001) as stocking density increased in the Al groups. Feed conversion ratios were worse (P5 0.01) in the Pf groups. Carcass yield and mortality were not affected by density or feeding method. Length (P5 0.001), width and bone mineral content levels (P5 0.05) of the tibiotarsal bone were higher in the Al groups with no effect on bone mineral density (P! 0.05). It is concluded that feed consumption was adversely affected by stocking density resulting in poor growth and bone mineralisation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of stocking density and feeding regimen on broilers: performance, carcass traits and bone mineralisation

Şimşek

Çiftçi

Çerçi

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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“…An ideal litter material should be dry with high water absorption capacity, but should also be able to release the absorbed moisture quickly [6] . Litter material and therefore the quality of litter directly affects the performance, health, carcass quality, and welfare of poultry [7][8][9] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Stocking Density and Litter Type on Litter Quality and Growth Performance of Broiler Chicken

Petek¹,

Üstüner²,

Yeşilbağ³

2014

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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SummaryThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of stocking density and litter type on growth performance of broiler chickens as well as dressing percentage and some litter quality indicators. 684 male broiler (Ross PM3) was used for a 6 weeks period in the experiment. The day-old chicks were randomly assigned in two litter groups: Rice hulls and wood shavings. Each litter group was further divided in three stocking density (15, 19 and 23 chicks/m 2 ). Chicks in the each group were randomized into three replicates at hatch and they were housed in a deep litter pens (1x2 m, each) in an environmentally controlled house. The litter type and stocking density had significant effect on the final body weight of broiler (P<0.05, P<0.001), lenght of foot pad lesions of the birds (P<0.001, P<0.001), litter moisture (P<0.01, P<0.05) and litter pH contents (P<0.05, P<0.05). The results of this study suggest that greater stocking density more than 15 chicks per square meter and rice hull adversely affects live body weight of broilers and main litter quality indicators. But up to a critical point, profitability increases with increased stocking density because of the reduction of fixed cost and more kilograms production of broiler per area. Depends on the price and availability rice hull can be used as litter material instead of wood shaving. Keywords: Broiler, Stocking density, Litter type, Litter quality, Growth performance Etlik Piliçlerde Yerleşim Sıklığı ve Altlık Türünün Altlık Kalitesi ve Büyüme Performansı Üzerine Etkileri ÖzetBu çalışma etlik piliçlerde yerleşim sıklığı ve altlık tipinin büyüme performansı, karkas randımanı ve altlık kalite parametreleri üzerine etkisini araştırmak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Ross PM3 genotipi 684 adet erkek etlik civciv kullanılmış ve çalışma 6 hafta sürmüştür. Çevre kontrollü bir kümeste yer alan deneme ünitesinde; pirinç kavuzu ve odun talaşının kullanıldığı gruplar ile herbir altlık grubu üzerinde; metrekare alanda 15, 19 ve 23 adet civcivin yer aldığı (2x3=6) altı ana grup oluşturulmuş ve her ana grupta 3 tekrarlı grup yer almıştır. Altlık türü ve barındırma yoğunluğunun canlı ağırlık (P<0.05, P<0.001), ayak tabanı lezyonu (P<0.001, P<0.001), altlık rutubet (P<0.01, P<0.05) ve pH (P<0.05, P<0.05) üzerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. Çalışmada birim metrekare alanda onbeşten fazla hayvan sayısı ve pirinç kavuzunun canlı ağırlık ve altlık kalitesini olumsuz etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ancak birim alandaki sabit masrafların azalması ve üretim miktarının artmasından dolayı kritik bir noktaya kadar yerleşim sıklığı artırılabilir. Fiyat ve elde edilme imkanlarına bağlı olarak odun talaşı yerine pirinç kabuğu da altlık olarak kullanılabilir.

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“…On the other hand, Moreira et al (2004), evaluating three housing densities (10, 13, or 16 broilers/m 2 ), observed significant reduction in weight gain in birds housed at 10 and 16 birds/ m 2 . Mortari et al (2002) also reported reduced body weight as rearing density increased, and Thomas et al (2004), Dozier et al (2005a) *significant at 5%; **significant at 1%; means followed by different lowercase letters within a column are statistically different; means followed by different uppercase letters within a row are statistically different.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live Performance, Carcass Yield, and Welfare of Broilers of Different Genetic Strains Reared at Different Housing Densities

Arruda

Mendes

Guirro

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic.

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This study evaluated the performance, carcass yield and quality, and physiological stress indicators of broilers of three genetic strains reared at three housing densities for 29 days. A total of 828 day-old male chicks, with average initial weight of 40.0± 2.0g were used. Three genetic strains (Cobb 500, Ross 808, and Ross 508, with 276 birds each) and three housing densities (17, 19, and 21 broilers/m²) were tested. A completely randomized experimental design in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates of 23 birds each, was applied. The following responses were evaluated: performance parameters (average weekly body weight, average daily gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio), physiological stress indicators (blood glucose levels, blood cell counts), and carcass yield and quality (dermatosis, bruising, dermatitis, and femoral degeneration scores). Average weekly body weight (BW) and daily weight gain (DWG) were not influenced by rearing density (p≥0.05), but Cobb 500 broilers were the heaviest during the analyzed period. In the second week, Ross 508 birds showed better feed conversion ratio (FCR) when housed at the density of 17 broilers/m² (p≤0.001), whereas the best FCR of Ross 808 and Cobb 500 broilers was obtained at 21 broilers/m² (p≤0.001). Carcass yield was not influenced by the treatments (p≥0.05). Physiological stress indicators were not affected by the treatments, and remained within normal ranges (p≥0.05). Dermatosis scores (scratches) increased (p≤0.05) when housing density increased from 17 to 19 broilers /m².

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Influence of stocking density on the performance, carcass characteristics and selected welfare indicators of broiler chickens

Cited by 116 publications

References 14 publications

Impact of stocking density and feeding regimen on broilers: performance, carcass traits and bone mineralisation

Impact of stocking density and feeding regimen on broilers: performance, carcass traits and bone mineralisation

Effects of Stocking Density and Litter Type on Litter Quality and Growth Performance of Broiler Chicken

Live Performance, Carcass Yield, and Welfare of Broilers of Different Genetic Strains Reared at Different Housing Densities

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