“…For the first time, a patterned superhydrophobic PVDF membrane with porous micropillars was prepared via a micro-molding phase separation (µPS) technique. A similar technique has been used to create macro-patterned surfaces for pressure driven membranes (Çulfaz, Rolevink et al 2010, Çulfaz, Haddad et al 2011, Hashino, Katagiri et al 2011, Won, Lee et al 2012, Jamshidi Gohari, Lau et al 2013, Lee, Won et al 2013, Gençal, Durmaz et al 2015, Maruf, Greenberg et al 2016, Won, Jung et al 2016, ElSherbiny, Khalil et al 2017. However, pressure driven processes only involve a liquid-solid interface with a convective flow of liquid across the membrane.…”