Influence of sucrose preexposure on acquisition of a conditioned aversion

Klein, Stephen B.; Mikulka, Peter J.; Hamel, Karin

doi:10.1016/s0091-6773(76)91186-x

Cited by 15 publications

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“…The findings of the present experiment are inconsistent with those reported by Klein, Mikulka, and Hamel (1976). The possibility exists that familiarization generalizes to other flavors differently than it does to other concentrations of the same flavor.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The purpose of the present experiment was to determine whether generalization of experience with a flavor is detectable in taste-aversion learning. Klein, Mikulka, and Hamel (1976) reported that preexposure to one concentration of a sucrose solution had no effect on the acquisition of an aversion to a different concentration of sucrose.Their findings suggest that es preexposure influences taste-aversion learning only if the substance paired with illness is the same as that experienced previously.The present experiment investigated stimulus control and the interaction of prepoisoning familiarization and taste-aversion learning using different flavors rat her than different concentrations of the same flavor. Groups of rats were given extensive preexposure to one of several flavors.…”

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Generalization of the CS- preexposure effect transfers to taste- aversion learning

Dawle

1979

Animal Learning & Behavior

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Rats repeatedly exposed to a maple, vanilla, banana, or water solution were subsequently poisoned with lithium chloride after drinking the maple solution. Subjects preexposed to water showed the strongest aversions to maple, followed, in descending order, by rats preexposed to banana, vanilla, and maple. These results suggest that the effects of prepoisoning experience with a novel flavor generalized to the maple CS and interfered with the development of the maple aversion. The technique reported here is potentially applicable to study of gustatory discrimination processes. 23Ingestion of a distinctively flavored solution has two effects in rats: (1) their subsequent intake of this flavored fluid is enhanced (e.g., Domjan, 1976), and (2) they are retarded in the acquisition of an aversion to this flavor (e.g., Revusky & Bedarf, 1967). The enhanced intake effect of flavor preexposure shows generalization, i.e., exposure to a novel flavored solution increases subsequent ingestion not only of the exposed flavor but also of other novel flavors (Siegel, 1974). The purpose of the present experiment was to determine whether generalization of experience with a flavor is detectable in taste-aversion learning. Klein, Mikulka, and Hamel (1976) reported that preexposure to one concentration of a sucrose solution had no effect on the acquisition of an aversion to a different concentration of sucrose.Their findings suggest that es preexposure influences taste-aversion learning only if the substance paired with illness is the same as that experienced previously.The present experiment investigated stimulus control and the interaction of prepoisoning familiarization and taste-aversion learning using different flavors rat her than different concentrations of the same flavor. Groups of rats were given extensive preexposure to one of several flavors. Then they were poisoned after drin king one of the solutions. If generalized preexposure transfers to taste-aversion learning, then it should interfere with the establishment of an aversion to a flavor other than the preexposed flavor.The author wishes to thank M. E. Dimperio for technical assistance and J. M. Juraska for helpful comments and suggestions. Requests for reprints should be addressed to J. M. Dawley,

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Section: Resultscontrasting

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Generalization of the CS- preexposure effect transfers to taste- aversion learning

Dawle

1979

Animal Learning & Behavior

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“…As in rodents, familiarization of possums to a bait prior to poisoning inhibits the formation of a learned taste aversion and decreases the generality of shyness (cf. Bhardwaj and Prakash, 1982;Klein et al 1976). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a solution to which a rat has been pre-exposed becomes' safe' and resistant to aversion for a period of time proportional to the solutions familiarity (e.g. Klein et al 1976). Similarly, Elkins (1973) showed that the strength of saccharin-based aversions in rats was inversely proportional to the duration of their pre-conditioning exposure to saccharin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Implications of prefeeding for the development of bait aversions in brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula)

Moss¹,

O'Connor²,

Hickling³

1998

Wildl. Res.

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of a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Implications of prefeeding for the development of bait aversions in brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) by Zane N. Moss The first cage trial determined the effects of prefeeding on aversion development. Three treatment groups received for 7 days either i) no prefeed ii) plain prefeed, or iii) dyed and lured prefeed baits. Each possum then ingested a sub-lethal 1080 bait. Seven days later, the possums were tested for development of an aversion towards a 1080 bait, a prefeed bait, and a prefeed bait containing brodifacoum. Most (96%) non-prefed possums became averse to the 1080 bait, compared with only 55% and 9% of the two prefed groups.Similarly, over 90% of the non-prefed possums were averse to prefeed and brodifacoum baits, compared to <15% of the prefed possums. The trial also showed that novelty has an influence on possums' aversion development; as prefeed and toxic baits became more similar (i.e. the more cues shared), fewer prefed possums were able to distinguish between the two after sub-lethal poisoning and so few developed aversions.The second cage trial examined the influence of bait cues and prefeeding duration on possums' development of aversion. Three main treatment groups received either i) dyed, ii) cinnamon lured, or iii) dyed and lured prefeed baits, for either 1 or 7 days.iii Mter sub-lethal poisoning possums were tested for aversion towards a 1080 bait and a prefeed bait. Once again the influence of familiarity was apparent, with only 34% averse to the toxic bait, significantly less than for non-prefed possums (cf. trial one). Dye seemed to provide relatively weak cues linking prefeed and toxic bait, with 7 days prefeeding required to inhibit aversion development. In contrast, cinnamon appeared to provide relatively strong olfactory and/or taste cues linking prefeed and toxic baits, with one exposure to cinnamon lured prefeed sufficient to inhibit aversion development. As in the first trial, most of the possums that developed aversion to the toxic bait did not generalise this aversion to the prefeed bait. Some possums were seemingly able to detect 0.08% 1080, despite it being' masked' with cinnamon oil.The field trial aimed to validate results of the cage trials and to examine whether possums preferentially associate certain cues with poisoning. Two treatment groups received either cinnamon lured baits, or apples, for 3 weeks. Mter sub-lethal poisoning possums were tested for aversion towards a non-toxic prefeed bait, a dyed non-toxic bait, a toxic bait, and a dyed toxic bait, all of which contained cinnamon. Once again most non-prefed possums developed generalised aversions, avoiding all cereal baits. In contrast, prefed possums consumed familiar prefeed baits, but avoided all other baits. This demonstrated that possums could detect both dye and 1080 in a cinnamon-lured bait. This result also suggests that extended prefeeding may enable possums to distinguish between prefeed a...

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Learning as a General Process with an Emphasis on Data from Feeding Experiments

Revusky

1977

Food Aversion Learning

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Influence of sucrose preexposure on acquisition of a conditioned aversion

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Generalization of the CS- preexposure effect transfers to taste- aversion learning

Generalization of the CS- preexposure effect transfers to taste- aversion learning

Implications of prefeeding for the development of bait aversions in brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula)

Learning as a General Process with an Emphasis on Data from Feeding Experiments

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