Influence of sulfate and chloride ions on the geotechnical and microstructural properties of soils treated with hydraulic binders: Individual and coupling effects

Saussaye, Lucile; Boutouil, Mohamed; Baraud, Fabienne; Leleyter, Lydia

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.01.023

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Cement and lime are frequently used in the construction of road infrastructure for the stabilization of subgrade soils, resulting in CO 2 emissions in the environment [6]. Calcium and alumina in cement and lime react with sulfates in expansive clay, resulting in expansive minerals, i.e., ettringite [7]. Due to severe environmental pollution in the recent decade, natural fibers are an excellent option for use as green stabilizers on a large scale to reduce carbon footprints and protect the environment in the future [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Compression Index from Secant Elastic Modulus and Peak Strength of High Plastic Clay Ameliorated by Agro-Synthetic Waste Fibers for Green Subgrade

Zubair,

Farooq,

Farooq

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Agro-synthetic stabilization of high-plastic clay is trending due to its vital role in sustainable geotechnical construction and maintenance of clay subgrade. Remoulded samples of high plastic clay (C), ameliorated by optimal doses of 1.2% polyester (P) and 0.9% banana (B) at maximum dry density (γdmax) and optimum moisture content (OMC), were subjected to swell potential, unconsolidated undrained (CU) triaxial, consolidation, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests. The outcome of this research presents that the use of an optimal clay-polyester-banana (CPB) mix enhanced the secant elastic modulus (E50), peak strength (Sp), and CBR by 2.5, 2.43, and 2.7 times, respectively; increased E50/Cc increased from 12.29 to 53.75 MPa; and lowered the swell potential by 48% and compression index (Cc) by 42.8%. It was also observed that the increase in moisture content (mc) of the optimal CPB mix from 20% (unsaturated phase) to 32% (wet phase) decreased Sp from 212 kPa to 56 kPa and E50 from 8.42 MPa to 2.16 MPa, whereas Cc was increased from 0.16 to 0.26, depicting the potential use of the CPB mix as a stable and sustainable geotechnical material even in wet seasons. Novel correlations are developed for the prediction of Cc from mc, E50, and Sp for an optimal CPB mix to achieve sustainable geotechnical systems and designs in sustainable geo-environmental engineering.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Compression Index from Secant Elastic Modulus and Peak Strength of High Plastic Clay Ameliorated by Agro-Synthetic Waste Fibers for Green Subgrade

Zubair,

Farooq,

Farooq

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…Recent studies have revealed that the soil containing sulfates, when treated with lime or cement undergo excessive swelling and pavement failures [8,106,107]. These failures are due to the formation of ettringite [3,86,108] …”

Section: Problems In Sulfate Soils Stabilized With Lime/cementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported that the presence of organic carbon in excess of one percent can interfere with the pozzolanic reactions, leading to low strength gains. Compared to organic carbon, the presence of sulfates is of higher concern because lime treatment in these types of soils leads to excessive heaving and pavement failures [7,8,81,[101][102][103][104][105] [3]. There are several sources of sulfates in soils, produced from primary or secondary origin.…”

Section: Problems In Sulfate Soils Stabilized With Lime/cementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent heaving and premature pavement failures in lime and cement-treated subgrades containing sulfates led to questioning the validity of calcium-based stabilization. When expansive soils containing sulfates are treated with calcium-based stabilizers, the calcium from the stabilizer reacts with soil sulfates and alumina to form the expansive mineral ettringite [7][8][9]. The first soil stabilization tests were performed in the United States in 1904 [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fundamentals of soil stabilization

2017

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“…The fact that groundwater contains sulfates proves that these materials may not give positive results all the time or on all soils [13,14]. In recent studies, it has also been proven that sulfate-containing soils cause excessive swelling and the deterioration of pavement balance when stabilized with cement or lime [15,16]. For this reason, it is extremely important to be careful in the application of materials with high calcium content, such as lime and cement, on sulfate-rich soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Olivine Additive on the Shear Resistance of Fine-Grained Soils: A Sustainable Approach for Risk Mitigation and Environmental Impact Reduction

Tahir,

Sert

2023

Sustainability

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Increasing urbanization has also accelerated the potential risks of hazards arising from problematic soils. At this end, it becomes inevitable to apply soil improvement methods, which are the most applicable and economical methods. Increasing the strength of clays, especially in undrained conditions where they exhibit low shear resistance, is essential for mitigating soil-induced hazards. This study aimed to improve the shear resistance of clays with a waste material named olivine, which has rarely been used in soils before. The undrained shear strength of the samples prepared at different curing times was determined at various confining pressures. Both olivine-added and potassium hydroxide (KOH)-activated olivine-added samples were tested in the same manner. It was proven that the olivine contribution alone was not sufficient over time, and higher shear resistance was obtained when olivine was activated with KOH. The samples treated with only olivine added to the resistance with olivine grains, whereas the samples activated with KOH added resistance with both olivine grains and chemical bonds up to a rate of 521% in the case of 20% olivine being used. Morphological and mineralogical analyses were performed to analyze the chemical bonds formed after the reaction. Stabilization with olivine substitutes a sustainable method of improvement that provides benefits such as reducing carbon dioxide emissions and controlling waste.

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Influence of sulfate and chloride ions on the geotechnical and microstructural properties of soils treated with hydraulic binders: Individual and coupling effects

Cited by 17 publications

References 10 publications

Prediction of Compression Index from Secant Elastic Modulus and Peak Strength of High Plastic Clay Ameliorated by Agro-Synthetic Waste Fibers for Green Subgrade

Prediction of Compression Index from Secant Elastic Modulus and Peak Strength of High Plastic Clay Ameliorated by Agro-Synthetic Waste Fibers for Green Subgrade

Fundamentals of soil stabilization

Effect of Olivine Additive on the Shear Resistance of Fine-Grained Soils: A Sustainable Approach for Risk Mitigation and Environmental Impact Reduction

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