Influence of surface energy and elastic strain energy on the graphene growth in chemical vapor deposition

Liquid Phase Edge Epitaxy of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers

“…For example, the epitaxy of transition-metal dichalcogenides from the LiCl solutions yielded thick flakes (Figure S16). Excluding LiCl, a trend can be seen for other solvents, which is that the monolayer growth is more preferred for solvents with higher surface tensions (Figure b). , This can be understood by the dewetting condition for liquid droplets on MX 2, , Where γ l‑g is the surface tension of the solution, γ 2D‑g is the surface tension of the 2D-material, γ 2D‑l is the surface tension between the 2D material and the solution, and θ is the contact angle of the droplet on the 2D material flake …”

“…7−13 An effective approach for thickness control is via self-limited growth, 14 in which the growth is confined at the interface and then the thickness can be controlled by the growth mechanism. 15,16 A successful example is the growth of graphene on copper, where the copper catalysis limits the graphene growth only on the copper surface, and hence only graphene monolayer can be grown but not the thicker layers. 17 Interface reactions have also been utilized for the self-limited growth of 2D materials.…”

“…Two-dimensional (2D) materials have garnered tremendous research interest due to their atomic thickness yet no dangling bond on the surfaces. , Semiconducting 2D materials, such as transition-metal dichalcogenides, , can scale the physical size of transistors down to 1 nm, which makes them promising candidate channel materials for future electronics. , Precise monolayer growth of 2D materials is of great importance to the ultra-short channel transistors; however, it is of great challenge. − An effective approach for thickness control is via self-limited growth, in which the growth is confined at the interface and then the thickness can be controlled by the growth mechanism. , A successful example is the growth of graphene on copper, where the copper catalysis limits the graphene growth only on the copper surface, and hence only graphene monolayer can be grown but not the thicker layers . Interface reactions have also been utilized for the self-limited growth of 2D materials.…”