Influence of Swaddling Experience on Spontaneous Arousal Patterns and Autonomic Control in Sleeping Infants

Richardson, Heidi L.; Walker, Adrian M.; Horne, Rosemary Sylvia Claire

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.01.005

Cited by 32 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, it can cause an increase in respiratory rate, 361 and tight e19 by guest on May 10, 2018 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/ Downloaded from swaddling can reduce the infant's functional residual lung capacity. 358,362,363 Tight swaddling can also exacerbate hip dysplasia if the hips are kept in extension and adduction, 364 -367 which is particularly important because some have advocated that the calming effects of swaddling are related to the "tightness" of the swaddling.…”

Section: Swaddlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Moon¹

2016

Pediatrics

491

446

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Approximately 3500 infants die annually in the United States from sleep-related infant deaths, including sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), ill-defined deaths, and accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed. After an initial decrease in the 1990s, the overall sleep-related infant death rate has not declined in more recent years. Many of the modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for SIDS and other sleep-related infant deaths are strikingly similar. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a safe sleep environment that can reduce the risk of all sleep-related infant deaths. Recommendations for a safe sleep environment include supine positioning, use of a firm sleep surface, room-sharing without bed-sharing, and avoidance of soft bedding and overheating. Additional recommendations for SIDS risk reduction include avoidance of exposure to smoke, alcohol, and illicit drugs; breastfeeding; routine immunization; and use of a pacifier. New evidence and rationale for recommendations are presented for skin-to-skin care for newborn infants, bedside and in-bed sleepers, sleeping on couches/armchairs and in sitting devices, and use of soft bedding after 4 months of age. In addition, expanded recommendations for infant sleep location are included. The recommendations and strength of evidence for each recommendation are published in the accompanying policy statement, “SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Updated 2016 Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment,” which is included in this issue.

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Section: Swaddlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Moon¹

2016

Pediatrics

491

446

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“…For example, it can cause an increase in respiratory rate, 301 and tight swaddling can reduce the infant's functional residual lung capacity. 299,302,303 Tight swaddling can also exacerbate hip dysplasia if the hips are kept in extension and adduction.…”

Section: Swaddlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…302 Impaired arousal has often been postulated as a mechanism that contributes to SIDS, and several studies have investigated the relationship between swaddling, arousal, and sleep patterns in infants. Physiologic studies have demonstrated that, in general, swaddling decreases startling, 301 increases sleep duration, and decreases spontaneous awakenings. 310 Swaddling also decreases arousability (ie, increases cortical arousal thresholds) to a nasal pulsatile air-jet stimulus, especially in infants who are easily arousable when not swaddled but less so in infants who have high arousal thresholds when not swaddled.…”

Section: Swaddlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…310 Swaddling also decreases arousability (ie, increases cortical arousal thresholds) to a nasal pulsatile air-jet stimulus, especially in infants who are easily arousable when not swaddled but less so in infants who have high arousal thresholds when not swaddled. 301 One study found decreased arousability in infants at 3 months of age who were not usually swaddled and then were swaddled but found no effect on arousability in routinely swaddled infants. 301 In contrast, another group of investigators showed decreased arousal thresholds 310 and increases in autonomic (subcortical) responses 311 to an auditory stimulus when swaddled.…”

Section: Swaddlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…301 One study found decreased arousability in infants at 3 months of age who were not usually swaddled and then were swaddled but found no effect on arousability in routinely swaddled infants. 301 In contrast, another group of investigators showed decreased arousal thresholds 310 and increases in autonomic (subcortical) responses 311 to an auditory stimulus when swaddled. Thus, although swaddling clearly promotes sleep and decreases the number of awakenings, the effects on arousability to an external stimulus remain unclear.…”

Section: Swaddlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

Moon¹

2011

Pediatrics

219

115

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Despite a major decrease in the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) since the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) released its recommendation in 1992 that infants be placed for sleep in a nonprone position, this decline has plateaued in recent years. Concurrently, other causes of sudden unexpected infant death occurring during sleep (sleep-related deaths), including suffocation, asphyxia, and entrapment, and ill-defined or unspecified causes of death have increased in incidence, particularly since the AAP published its last statement on SIDS in 2005. It has become increasingly important to address these other causes of sleep-related infant death. Many of the modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for SIDS and suffocation are strikingly similar. The AAP, therefore, is expanding its recommendations from being only SIDS-focused to focusing on a safe sleep environment that can reduce the risk of all sleep-related infant deaths including SIDS. The recommendations described in this report include supine positioning, use of a firm sleep surface, breastfeeding, room-sharing without bed-sharing, routine immunization, consideration of a pacifier, and avoidance of soft bedding, overheating, and exposure to tobacco smoke, alcohol, and illicit drugs. The rationale for these recommendations is discussed in detail in this technical report. The recommendations are published in the accompanying “Policy Statement—Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment,” which is included in this issue (www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2011-2220).

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The impact of swaddling upon breastfeeding: A critical review

Dixley

Ball

2023

American J Hum Biol

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Influence of Swaddling Experience on Spontaneous Arousal Patterns and Autonomic Control in Sleeping Infants

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment

The impact of swaddling upon breastfeeding: A critical review

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