Influence of swimming behavior of copepod nauplii on feeding of larval turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Bruno, Eleonora; Højgaard, Jacob Kring; Hansen, Benni Winding; Munk, Peter; Støttrup, Josianne

doi:10.1007/s10499-017-0199-x

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A wide spectrum of prey swimming be haviours have triggered successful feeding responses by P. hepatus (Lee et al 2018). This supports the idea that fish larvae do not require that prey have a specific swimming action to trigger a feeding response, and a greater range of organisms than previously thought may be useful as live feeds (Bruno et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…This study highlights the potential for oyster larvae to be used as a live feed for P. hepatus and possibly other fish larvae with small mouth gapes. Oyster larvae have the appropriate size and movement to illicit a feeding response by larval fish, challenging the paradigm that larval fish require live feeds like copepods that have a 'stop-start' swimming movement (Bruno et al 2018). We were able to improve the digestibility of oyster trochophores by conditioning them in acidic seawater.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Oyster larvae as a potential first feed for small-mouthed ornamental larval fish

Basford¹,

Mos²,

Mishina³

et al. 2019

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Aquaculture of ornamental marine fish for the aquarium trade is a possible solution to the negative environmental impacts of wild collection. An impasse to the culture of many marine fish species is high larval mortality due to unsuitable live feeds. Common live feeds can be too large for ornamental species, which often have larvae with small mouths. We tested wild oyster larvae as an alternative live feed for first-feeding blue tang Paracanthurus hepatus. P. hepatus readily consumed oyster larvae but did not consume rotifers. Survival and growth of P. hepatus fed oyster larvae was similar to unfed controls, likely due to the oyster trochophores developing into indigestible veligers. Restricting the diet of P. hepatus to only oyster trochophores improved survival and eye development, but survival rates remained low. Oyster trochophores were conditioned in pH 4.8 seawater to compromise their aragonite shells, and P. hepatus fed these had higher survival at 5 d post-hatch (dph) compared to those fed untreated trochophores and were the only fish surviving to 10 dph. The high consumption rates of oyster larvae by P. hepatus highlight the potential for bivalve larvae to be used as live feeds for first-feeding larval fish. Further research into improving the nutritional value of oyster larvae for larval fish may improve their viability as first feeds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Oyster larvae as a potential first feed for small-mouthed ornamental larval fish

Basford¹,

Mos²,

Mishina³

et al. 2019

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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“…An attack event was initiated by the turbot larva perceiving the copepod changing its swimming direction and approaching the copepod. When the fish larva was within strike distance of its prey, it curved its body in an S‐shape or L‐shape posture, as typically observed when a fish attacks its prey (Bruno, Højgaard, Hansen, Munk & Støttrup, ; Domenici & Blake, ; Hoogland, Morris & Tinbergen, ). The fish larva speed during the approach (Figure a) and the distance between the copepod and the fish larva (Figure b) were sorted for successful and unsuccessful attacks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Ontogenetic development of attack behaviour by turbot larvae when exposed to copepod prey

et al. 2018

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Identification of fish larval behavioural traits permitting capture of specific live prey sizes is an important part of optimizing production of marine larvae. We investigated the capture success of turbot larvae (Scophthalmus maximus) at two development stages, 8 and 10 days post‐hatch (DPH), when offered small nauplii (129–202 μm), large nauplii (222–278 μm) and copepodites (342–542 μm), of the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa. At 8 DPH, turbot larvae had the highest capture success (67%) when offered small nauplii, with a lower capture success of large nauplii (27%) but totally lacked the capabilities to capture copepodites. At DPH 10, the larvae increased the capture success of large nauplii (47%) and achieved a few successful attacks on copepodites. Energetically, large nauplii were the most beneficial at both larval development stages. The swimming kinematics of the period prior to a strike by the larva on the copepod was examined, and the approach pattern of the larva was identified as a controlling mechanism for their strike distance, with the initial approach speed of larva at DPH 10 being significantly less than at DPH 8. In all successful attacks, the strike distance was less than 1.17 mm and was significantly lower than unsuccessful attacks. Since the approach pattern of the larva is linked to its capture success, it could be used as the basis for a feeding scheme based on the swimming performance of individual batches of turbot larvae.

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“…Calanoid copepods, the natural prey of marine fish larvae, are superior in nutritional value compared to rotifers and Artemia (Evjemo et al, 2003;van der Meeren et al, 2008;Øie et al, 2017). Larval feeding is also influenced by the behavior of copepods (Støttrup and Norsker, 1997;Bruno et al, 2017). Compared to rotifers, higher feeding rates are seen in the presence of copepods, probably because their swimming behavior relative to that of rotifers triggers a better feeding response (Buskey et al, 1993;Wilcox et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Larval feeding is also influenced by the behavior of copepods (Støttrup and Norsker, 1997;Bruno et al, 2017). Compared to rotifers, higher feeding rates are seen in the presence of copepods, probably because their swimming behavior relative to that of rotifers triggers a better feeding response (Buskey et al, 1993;Wilcox et al, 2006). Furthermore, the larvae would be offered a broader range of prey sizes when feeding them on different stages of copepods as compared to feeding on rotifers and Artemia only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding behavior and capture success of turbotPsetta maximalarvae during the transition from upright to tilted swimming position

Bruno¹,

Mahjoub²,

Hansen³

et al. 2017

Aquat. Living Resour.

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Aquaculture production of high-quality marine fish larvae might be hampered by poor success in larval initiation of exogenous feeding or the lack of appropriate live feed in their first feeding period. The period of larval metamorphosis may further constrain the successful rearing of flatfish larvae. In order to ascertain changes in feeding during metamorphosis of flatfish, we here compared feeding behavior when larvae of turbot Psetta maxima were either swimming upright or tilted. Using video recordings, we compared the attack rate and prey capture success between flexion (12-13 days-post-hatch, stage 4b-4c) swimming predominantly in upright position and post-flexion (16-17 days-post-hatch, stage 5a-5b) larvae in tilted swimming mode. Both larval groups were fed on copepod nauplii and copepodites. Our results showed a capture success of <50% during the flexion stage, increasing to 73% in the post-flexion stage, and larvae were more successful when feeding on nauplii than when offered copepodite stages. An ontogenetic shift from intermittent to cruise swimming was observed during the metamorphosis concomitant with improved hunting skills. Thus larvae appeared to be able to successfully complete metamorphosis without compromising their feeding ability on copepod prey.

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Influence of swimming behavior of copepod nauplii on feeding of larval turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Oyster larvae as a potential first feed for small-mouthed ornamental larval fish

Oyster larvae as a potential first feed for small-mouthed ornamental larval fish

Ontogenetic development of attack behaviour by turbot larvae when exposed to copepod prey

Feeding behavior and capture success of turbotPsetta maximalarvae during the transition from upright to tilted swimming position

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