Influence of temperature, added electrolyte, and polymer molecular weight on the counterion-condensation phenomenon in aqueous solution of sodium polystyrenesulfonate: a scaling theory approach

Abstract

Interactions between a polyion and its counterions in aqueous solutions of an anionic polyelectrolyte sodium polystyrenesulfonate in the presence of sodium chloride were investigated using electrical conductivity as the probe. The specific conductivity vs. polyelectrolyte concentration data were analyzed with an equation recently developed by us considering the scaling description for the conformation of a polyion chain. The influences of (a) the molecular weight and the concentration of the polyelectrolyte, (b) the added electrolyte concentration, and (c) the temperature on polyion-counterion interactions were investigated. The extent of counterion condensation was found to be greatly affected by the concentration and molecular weight of the polyelectrolyte, the concentration of the added electrolyte, and the temperature. The polyion equivalent conductivity in conjunction with the derived coefficient of friction between the monomer units and the solvent provided important information concerning the relative importance of the size and charge of the polyions. The overall results have been elucidated taking the medium dielectric constant, the hydration behaviour of the counterions, and the coiling behavior of the polyion chains into account. The present study provides new insight as to how the polyelectrolyte molecular weight influences the counterion condensation behaviour in a polyelectrolyte solution in the presence of an added electrolyte.

Designing Microparticle-Impregnated Polyelectrolyte Composite: The Combination of ATRP, Fast Azidation, and Click Reaction Using a Single-Catalyst, Single-Pot Strategy

“…ATRP is tolerant of the functional groups present in the monomer and that is evident through the FT-IR spectrum (Figure 1a) of the polymer. The peaks at 1185 cm −1 and 1039 cm −1 represent the antisymmetric and symmetric vibrational absorptions of −SO3− group, respectively [28,29].…”

“…The NaOOC–NaPSS–COONa, synthesized via the single-catalyst single-pot scheme, was then used for linking polystyrene microparticles having surface functionalized by primary amine groups. This linking between carboxylate (–COO − ) moieties at the polymer chain ends and the amine groups on the microparticle surface was accomplished through amide bond formation facilitated by DMTMM at room temperature in aqueous media [29]. Typically, NaOOC–NaPSS–COOH (21 mg, 1.6 µmol) was taken in a glass vial having water (4.9 mL) equipped with a magnetic stirrer.…”

Metalloporphyrin–polyelectrolyte assemblies in aqueous solution: Influence of the metal center and the polyelectrolyte architecture

“…The entropy increase derives from a large number of small molecules which are set free during binding. For the dendrimer, this is different likely because of an initially lower level of counterion condensation and therefore a minor release of small molecules upon assembly formation . Probably, for Zn‐TPPS, the entropy win is larger than for Ni‐TPPS because the flexibility of PDADMAC decreases less when Zn‐TPPS binds.…”

Modification of Collagen Derivatives with Water-Soluble Polymers for the Development of Cross-Linked Hydrogels for Controlled Release

“…− group, respectively. The peak at 676 cm −1 may be related to aromatic C-H out-of-plane bending (deformation) vibration [31,32]. The existence of the GMA unit in P(SSNa-co-GMAx) copolymers is verified by the characteristic band at 850 and 909 cm −1 assigned to the epoxy ring vibrations and the peak at 1255 cm −1 to the C−H of the epoxy group.…”