Influence of temperature and host plants on the development and fecundity of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acarina: Tetranychidae)

Abstract

142Vol. 40, Plant Protect. Sci. & H��� 1983; P������ et al. 1984) in fecundity of the spider mite at higher temperatures. 1983) or decrease (B���� MATERIAL AND METHODSTetranychus urticae was reared on plants of green bean in laboratory conditions at a temperature of 23°C (± 2°C). Development and fecundity of the mite was determined in an air-conditioned box at diverse temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C) and on three host plants (Cucumis sativus L., Capsicum annuum L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The leaf disk method was used; detached leaves were placed on water soaked cotton in a Petri dish (9 cm diameter). The Petri dish was placed onto a plastic cup (9 cm diameter and 5 cm depth) filled with water. Sufficient moisture for the filter paper was supplied by a strip of filter paper (1 cm wide) that was attached to the filter paper at one end while the other reached into the water in the cup via a small hole. For each variant (temperatures, host plants), five Petri dishes were used. To determine the development time of the spider mite, leaves of P. vulgaris with 10-15 freshly hatched eggs were used for each variant. We started with the series at 15°C and finished with the series at 35°C. To observe the fecundity of female mites, 10 young female mites were transferred with a soft brush to each combination following the abovementioned temperature sequence. The results were analysed statistically by the Tukey test. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONFrom the results of our experiments it follows that temperature has a decisive impact on the time needed for development of T. urticae, whereas the differences between host plants were not significant (Table 1).Development was fastest at 35°C (6.50 d) and 30°C (6.93 d), averaged on the three hosts. P������ R�� et al. (1996) also found that the length of development of the spider mite at 30°C was 6.7-7.9 days. At other temperatures of our experiments, the development time was 9.27 d at 25°C, 12.06 d at 20°C and 16.23 d at 15°C. Thus, the higher the temperature, the faster the development of the spider mite. The differences in development time between temperatures was confirmed with high detectability in the statistical analyses, except for the differences between 30°C and 35°C. P������ et al. (1984) and D����� and M��������� (1986) state that a�er a certain increase in temperature and reaching a maximum of developments. This statement was confirmed in our experiments as well.Tetranychus urticae developed fastest on Phaseolus vulgaris (9.42 d), followed by Cucumis sativus (10.26 d) and Capsicum annuum (10.92 d). The largest differences in development time between hosts were recorded at 15°C, the differences at 20-25°C were small, and at 30-35°C they were almost identical. The largest difference in development time was recorded between P. vulgaris and C. annuum at temperatures of 15, 20 and 25°C; development on P. vulgaris was faster by 1.5 days. The difference was further confirmed by statistical analysis. The differences in the development of the mite on different ho...

Estimating development and temperature thresholds of Scolothrips longicornis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on eggs of two-spotted spider mite using linear and nonlinear models

“…Several studies have shown that the optimal temperature for T. urticae is around 35°C and that the lower and upper temperature thresholds are about 10°C and 38°C, respectively (Gutierrez 1976;Bounfour and Tanigoshi 2001;Praslicka and Huszar 2004). According to our study, the optimal temperature for development rate of S. longicornis was about 36°C for female and the upper one varied All nonlinear models fitted the data of this study very well as indicated by the high values of R 2 and R adj 2 .…”

Oxidative enzymes in coconut cultivars in response to Raoiella indica feeding

“…Developmental time was intermediate on JT×MYD hybrid and NL, being reduced by 9.6 and 13.4%, respectively in relation to JT. Furthermore, effect of coconut cultivar on R. indica Host plant effect on phytophagous mite species reproduction was previously shown as growing, without effect, or decreasing (Ribeiro et al, 1988;Hilker and Meiners, 2002;Praslička and Huszár, 2004). Differences in R. indica developmental time was observed when reared on coconut cultivars, being 21.5 and 19.8 d on JT (in Trinidad) and on a hybrid MYDxJT (in Venezuela), respectively (Vásquez et al, 2015).…”

Biological Studies and Pest Management of Phytophagous Mites in South America

“…An effect of host plant on mite reproduction has been established for several Tetranychid species (e.g., de Ponti 1977; Ribeiro et al 1988;Hilker & Meiners 2002;Praslička & Huszár 2004). Previous studies have demonstrated that grape leaves and fruits synthesize phenolic compounds in response to fungal attacks or abiotic factors (Morrissey & Osbourn 1999).…”