Laser
ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry imaging
of biologically significant targets largely relies on maintaining
the original structures of samples. The temperature regulation capability
of the ablation cell is crucial. Herein, a rapid cooling cryogenic
sample cell (RCCSC) was developed. In the RCCSC chamber, the temperature
reduces to −20 °C in 4 min with a minimum 10 h variation
of ±0.1 °C at −26 °C. Improvements on the precision
were achieved for the elements of interest in NIST 612 and spiked
agarose gel under cryogenic conditions. The limits of detection improved
by up to 1.57, 1.70, 3.26, and 1.33 fold for 63Cu, 66Zn, 57Fe, and 140Ce in agarose gel,
respectively, were obtained under cryogenic conditions compared with
those at room temperature. In a time period of testing (10 h), the
cryogenic ablation maintains the native state of biological tissues
with a high water content to ensure better elemental imaging by reducing
thermal effects in ablation and suppressing evaporation of water.
The rapid cooling cryogenic ablation significantly improves elemental
imaging, as demonstrated by the imaging of various elements in coriander
leaves. The present study may provide further insights into elemental
distributions in fresh biological samples.