Influence of the age of cows on the dynamics of dairy efficiency depending on a breeding line

Abstract

The article suggests that one of the most widespread dairy breeds in the world is the Holstein breed; and the black-mottled breed in the Russian Federation. This breed has been improving during the past four decades by interbreeding it with the best one, the Holstein breed. A large set of the Holsteinized black-mottled livestock of the high thoroughbred cows of the Holstein breed has been produced. The aim of the work is to study the effect of age on the dynamics of dairy efficiency of the Holsteinized cows depending on the breeding line. At present, the dairy herd of the farm actually consists of cows of three breeding lines, Reflection Sovering 198998, Vis Back Ideal 1013415, Montvik Chieftain 95679. The rest breeds are not developing due to the absence of breeding valuable breeding bulls. It was found that the Reflection Sovering breeding line 198998 has that the highest milk yield during the sixth lactation, and then there is a decrease in milk yield. The article considers that the milk yield changes with age, starting from the first lactation, increasing during the second lactation and then it is gradually decreasing in productivity to the fifth one. The regularity of the increase in milk yield of mature cows during the third and fourth lactation is not confirmed of the dairy cows of this breeding line. It can be explained by the intensity of herb replacement, when it accumulates a significant amount of nutrients in the body. That is why, they can be used during the first and the second lactations without restoring nutrients in further. Dairy cows of the Vis Back Ideal 1013415 breeding line have a gradual increase in milk yield, starting from the first to the fourth lactation, by 52, 292, 300 kg or by 0.5; 2.8% and 2.8%, respectively. Further, there is a decrease in dairy efficiency. At reaching physiological maturity they have a natural increase in dairy efficiency. The same tendency is observed with cows of the Montvik Chieftein 95679 breeding line.

Effect of Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors on Productive and Reproductive Performances of Dairy Cattle at TALIRI–Tanga

“…Because the mammary gland secretion tissues in the fourth parity are fully matured [38] and more efficient in the synthesis, storage [39], and secretion of milk [40], which both favors milk productivity, cows in their fourth lactation showed significantly higher MY than in their earlier lactations, as illustrated in the current study. The results of this study are in line with those of [41], who hypothesizes that cows in their fourth lactation have optimal body condition scores, which raises their milk outputs compared to those in their first and second lactations.…”

Physiological justification for obtaining high productivity of dairy cattle

“…The increase in the production of high-quality milk and dairy products is one of the vital tasks in the development of animal husbandry all over the world, which becomes decisive both in connection with the global population growth, in particular in our country, and with the need to meet humanity needs for food [3,4].…”

“…An increase in the milk efficiency of cows is inextricably linked with the intensification of selection work in dairy farming [4].…”

The impact of ethnic entrepreneurship on the innovative development of the economic space of a polyethnic region

“…This is exactly what R. Robertson called "glocalization", or an organic combination of the global and the local in different areas of public life [4]. Glocalization is an attempt to adapt multinational business to local conditions [5][6] [7][8] [9]. Meanwhile, the processes of glocalization are region-specific, depending on the resource base of each region and its established economic practices [10] [11].…”