Influence of the Ammonium Nitrate(V) Porous Prill Assortments and Absorption Index on Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Blasting Properties

Biessikirski, A.; Pytlik, Mateusz; Kuterasiński, Łukasz; Dworzak, M.; Twardosz, Michał; Napruszewska, Bogna D.

doi:10.3390/en13153763

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“… 37 However, there are some surface-active substances present during the oil blasting stage such as asphaltenes. 38 When the water cut is below 50%, flow shear produces a relatively stable brine/oil emulsion in which the aqueous phase is sufficiently disseminated in the oil phase. This stage is classified as an oil-based system.…”

Section: Hydrate-plugging Mechanism In the Multiphase Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Hydrate in Oil-Dominant Systems: A Review

et al. 2022

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Gas hydrate risks minimization in deepsea hydrocarbon flowlines, especially in high water to oil ratios, and is critical for the oil and gas flow assurance industry. Although there are several reviews on gas hydrate mitigation in gas-dominated systems, limited reviews have been dedicated to the understanding and mechanism of hydrate formation and mitigation in oil-dominated systems. Hence, this review article discusses and summarizes the prior studies on the hydrate formation behavior and mitigation in oil-dominated multiphase systems. The factors (such as oil volume or water cut, bubble point, and hydrate formers) that affect hydrate formation in oil systems are also discussed in detail. Furthermore, insight into the hydrate mitigation and mechanism in oil systems is also presented in this review. Also, a detailed table on the various studied hydrate tests in oil systems, including the experimental methods, inhibitor type, conventions, and testing conditions, is provided in this work. The findings presented in this work are relevant for developing the best solution to manage hydrate formation in oil-dominated systems for the oil and gas industry.

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Section: Hydrate-plugging Mechanism In the Multiphase Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Hydrate in Oil-Dominant Systems: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Furthermore, rising temperature led to the thermal decomposition of AN, which was confirmed by the appearance of the fourth DSC peak with a maximum at ca. 287–293 °C [ 46 , 61 ]. From the analysis of DSC profiles, it may be concluded that the modification route of ANFO with zeolite Y has a small influence on the decomposition temperature of prepared non-ideal explosives.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Post-blast fumes analysis was conducted according to the procedure described in [ 44 ], which was based on regulations reported in [ 45 ]. The description of blasting tests has also been reported in our previous works [ 41 , 46 , 47 ]. In each experiment, 600 g of non-ideal ANFO charge was placed inside the steel mortar locked in the blasting chamber.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variously Prepared Zeolite Y as a Modifier of ANFO

et al. 2022

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In the presented research, we investigated Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (ANFO), with the addition of variously modified zeolite Y as an attractive explosive. Analysis of both blasting tests and thermodynamic models of blasting properties led to the conclusion that the addition of zeolite Y enhanced the detonation properties of such prepared ANFO via the growth of the detonation pressure, temperature, compression energy, and heat of the explosion. Generally, the modification of ANFO with variously prepared zeolite Y also reduced the volume of (COx + NOx) post-blast fumes. Furthermore, it was found that the ANFO’s velocity of detonation (VOD) could be controlled by the choice of the way of zeolite Y modification. Namely, for zeolite Y without Mg, as well as Mg-Y prepared via the impregnation method, the VOD rose. The opposite effect was observed when ANFO was modified with Mg-Y, obtained from the deposition of Mg over zeolite Y via the ultrasonic-assisted procedure.

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“…Typically, they contain a nitro group for example TNT [19] or nitroglycerin [20]; • Tertiary or "propellants" they are almost insensitive to shock and triggering and to detonate they need secondary charges that amplify the triggering effect of the primary explosives. For example, ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) [21,22] and potassium chlorate fuel-oxidizer [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast characterization of compounds and components of explosives

et al. 2022

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Finding markers to detect and identify compounds and components related to an explosive is an important task that could reduce threats of unlawful uses of explosives. The capability of Raman spectroscopy to characterize chemical composition of explosive compounds and the analysis of stable isotope ratios could be useful to identify specific markers to identify the origin of the material used. Using Raman spectrometer directly on-site after the accident scene could be a useful tool for an immediate characterization of the components. In addition, carbon and nitrogen analysis on some fragments collected on the accident scene will then confirm the characterization of the components. The proposed configuration of double technique, coupled with a digital database and algorithms, could be useful to run analysis, with fast response time, in work environment related to emergency situations.

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Influence of the Ammonium Nitrate(V) Porous Prill Assortments and Absorption Index on Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Blasting Properties

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Gas Hydrate in Oil-Dominant Systems: A Review

Gas Hydrate in Oil-Dominant Systems: A Review

Variously Prepared Zeolite Y as a Modifier of ANFO

Fast characterization of compounds and components of explosives

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