Influence of the anode material on an argon arc

Gleizes, Alain; Bouaziz, M.; Gonzalez, Jean‐Jacques; Razafinimanana, Manitra

doi:10.1109/27.649586

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The incident electron energy flux, , including the kinetic energy and the potential energy can be written as (16) where is the current density component perpendicular to the anode surface, and and are, respectively, the anode and gas temperatures at the interface between the anode and the arc [22].…”

Section: Arc-electrode Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode Evaporation and Its Effects on Thermal Arc Behavior

Zhang

Yan

Fang

2004

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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In circuit breakers, arc heaters and arc welding apparatus, metal vapor resulting from electrode erosion is inevitably injected into the arc plasma. The arc then burns in a mixture of the working gas (SF 6 in the case of circuit breakers) and electrode vapor, whose properties are substantially different from those of pure SF 6 . The present work is a computational investigation into the effects of electrode vapor on the behavior of a supersonic nozzle arc under dc conditions. The arc and electrodes are treated as a coupled system. The arc plasma is assumed to be in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The thin non-LTE layer between the electrode and the arc is not included in the computation but its effects are taken into account in the energy balance at the electrode surface. A conservation equation for the electrode vapor is solved together with the governing equations for mass, momentum, and energy of the gas mixture. Comparisons were made between the results with and without electrode vaporization. Results show that vaporization of the electrode material (copper in the present investigation) has a cooling effect at the arc center and broadens the arc column. The arc voltage is, however, not sensitive to the presence of electrode vapor for the gas discharge conditions investigated. Index Terms-Arc behavior, computational investigation, electrode vaporization.Jin Ling Zhang was born in Shaanxi, China. She received the B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees from the

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Section: Arc-electrode Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Electrode Evaporation and Its Effects on Thermal Arc Behavior

Zhang

Yan

Fang

2004

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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“…More recent work by Hua-yun (yun Du et al, 2009) used a two dimensional axisymmetric model to study the temperatures profiles, velocities, electric potential and current density distribution by changing the welding current, shielding gas flow rate, arc length and the type of shielding gas. Gleizes (Gleizes et al, 1997) investigated the effect of workpiece material on temperatures. In the weld pool studies, Kim and Na (Kim and Na, 1998) established a computational model to study heat transfer, fluid flow and phase change in pulsed current GTAW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Torch Angle on Arc Properties and Weld Pool Shape in Stationary GTAW

et al. 2013

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In this paper, a three dimensional numerical simulation is performed on a stationary arc to study the effect of torch angle in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) of SS304 stainless steel. A comparison has been made to investigate 90 o and 70 o torch angles and analyze the effect on arc and weld pool shape. Current density, heat flux and gas shear stress are calculated in the arc region and are used as input to the workpiece to determine the weld pool. Buoyancy and Marangoni shear also affect the weld pool shape and are taken into account. The computed and experimental results are observed symmetric for 90 o torch angle. For 70 o torch angle, current density and hence the heat flux due to electron contribution is found the maximum behind and heat flux due to conduction and convection is found the maximum ahead of the electrode tip in the welding direction. This makes the maximum of total heat flux symmetric along the arc center. Heat flux due to conduction and convection decreases as the torch angle decreases resulting in a shallow weld pool. The nonsymmetric "w" shaped weld pool is developed by the combined effect of the gas shear and Marangoni convection. It is found that for 70 o torch angle, the weld pool becomes non-symmetric, shallow and wide ahead of the electrode tip in the welding direction. The numerical weld pool shapes are verified through experiments.

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“…Much more thermal energy may be carried with them than in the case of gases consisted of one atom. Literature records also influence of the anode material on argon arc temperature [10]. Any addition of mineral compounds changes conditions of heat conduction and other thermal properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper as detecting element in mineral arc temperature measurements

2006

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An immersed arc can be an effective tool for smelting of mineral waste compounds followed by their vitrification. This arc starts to burn in the working gas (i.e. argon) and then the melting of mineral compounds such as: SiO 2 , CaO, Al 2 O 3 , Na 2 O, MgO, K 2 O, Fe2O3 etc. followed by their gasification, thermal decomposition, ionization and formation of the mineral arc plasma takes place. Determination of the mineral feed influence on electric arc stability for maximal usage of power supply system is associated with many equilibrium and thermodynamics parameters.To establish an influence of particular mineral compounds content in the arc channel on the discharge behavior caused by the effective ionization potential change at first the arc temperature must be measured. To obtain sufficient results a method that is independent of the plasma chemistry must be used. In our case we employed a relatively simple the Ornstein method assuming that we could introduce a certain amount of detecting element to the minerals mixture.We selected copper for this purpose as it can be easily added as copper oxide to the waste being prepared as the mineral powder. However introduction of copper may result in changing of the mixture effective ionization potential so it can change the arc electrical conductivity as well as the temperature. The purpose of the paper is to establish the maximum amount of copper to be used as detecting element in particular wasted minerals under condition of the side effects avoiding.PACS : 52.25.Jm The fly ash compoundsThe regulation of fly ash produced by power plants is a major problem in many parts of the world. Although, significant quantities are being used in a range of applications such as a substitute for cement in concrete, in ceramics industry, as a filler in road pavement, in decorative materials in glass-ceramics application, a fertilizers in soil additives, a sorbent in wastewater treatment [1]. Large amounts are not used, and thus a new disposal is required so this may cause long-term

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Influence of the anode material on an argon arc

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Electrode Evaporation and Its Effects on Thermal Arc Behavior

Electrode Evaporation and Its Effects on Thermal Arc Behavior

Effect of Torch Angle on Arc Properties and Weld Pool Shape in Stationary GTAW

Copper as detecting element in mineral arc temperature measurements

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