Influence of the concentration of dissolved oxygen on embryonic development of the common toad (Bufo bufo)

Ev, Dmitrieva

doi:10.1134/s1062360415060041

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Temperature‐ and precipitation‐related variables relate to amphibian stressors (Daszak et al., 2005) and may broadly act as selective pressures (Snyder & Weathers, 1975). Dissolved oxygen concentration affects embryonic development in a different toad species (Dmitrieva, 2015), and elevation may be a proxy for this factor. These variables also contribute to cane toad habitat suitability across Australia (Trumbo et al., 2016).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial variation in genomic signatures of local adaptation during the cane toad invasion of Australia

Beer,

Trumbo,

Rautsaw

et al. 2024

Molecular Ecology

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Adaptive evolution can facilitate species' range expansions across environmentally heterogeneous landscapes. However, serial founder effects can limit the efficacy of selection, and the evolution of increased dispersal during range expansions may result in gene flow swamping local adaptation. Here, we study how genetic drift, gene flow and selection interact during the cane toad's (Rhinella marina) invasion across the heterogeneous landscape of Australia. Following its introduction in 1935, the cane toad colonised eastern Australia and established several stable range edges. The ongoing, more rapid range expansion in north‐central Australia has occurred concomitant with an evolved increase in dispersal capacity. Using reduced representation genomic data of Australian cane toads from the expansion front and from two areas of their established range, we test the hypothesis that high gene flow constrains local adaptation at the expansion front relative to established areas. Genetic analyses indicate the three study areas are genetically distinct but show similar levels of allelic richness, heterozygosity and inbreeding. Markedly higher gene flow or recency of colonisation at the expansion front have likely hindered local adaptation at the time of sampling, as indicated by reduced slopes of genetic‐environment associations (GEAs) estimated using a novel application of geographically weighted regression that accounts for allele surfing; GEA slopes are significantly steeper in established parts of the range. Our work bolsters evidence supporting adaptation of invasive species post‐introduction and adds novel evidence for differing strengths of evolutionary forces among geographic areas with different invasion histories.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dissolved oxygen concentration affects embryonic development in a different toad species (Dmitrieva, 2015), and elevation may be a proxy for this factor. These variables also contribute to cane toad habitat suitability across Australia (Trumbo et al, 2016).…”

Section: Environmental Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation in genomic signatures of local adaptation during the cane toad invasion of Australia

Beer,

Trumbo,

Rautsaw

et al. 2024

Molecular Ecology

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“…Finally, we hypothesized that Bd can impact embryos by depletion of oxygen. The lack of dissolved oxygen slows down the development in Bufo bufo (52) and hypoxia can kill early life stages (13). Direct or latent effects may also vary with Bd strain and with host species, therefore evaluating different strains is critical to disentangle intrinsic aspects of the pathogen as virulence and how it changes among hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Latent Effects of Pathogen Exposure Across Native and Invasive Amphibian Life Stages

et al. 2021

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Emerging infectious diseases are one of the multiple factors contributing to the current “biodiversity crisis”. As part of the worldwide biodiversity crisis, amphibian populations are declining globally. Chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is a major cause of amphibian population declines. This fungus primarily affects keratinized structures in larval, juvenile, and adult amphibians as well as heart function. However, we know little about how Bd can impact embryos as well as potential latent effects of Bd exposure over ontogeny. Using two different Bd strains and multiple exposure times, we examined the effects of Bd exposure in Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla), Western toad (Anaxyrus boreas) and American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) life stages. Using a factorial experimental design, embryos of these three species were exposed to Bd at early and late embryonic stages, with some individuals re-exposed after hatching. Embryonic Bd exposure resulted in differential survival as a function of host species, Bd strain and timing of exposure. P. regilla experienced embryonic mortality when exposed during later developmental stages to one Bd strain. There were no differences across the treatments in embryonic mortality of A. boreas and embryonic mortality of L. catesbeianus occurred in all Bd exposure treatments. We detected latent effects in A. boreas and L. catesbeianus larvae, as mortality increased when individuals had been exposed to any of the Bd strains during the embryonic stage. We also detected direct effects on larval mortality in all three anuran species as a function of Bd strain, and when individuals were double exposed (late in the embryonic stage and again as larvae). Our results suggest that exposure to Bd can directly affect embryo survival and has direct and latent effects on larvae survival of both native and invasive species. However, these impacts were highly context dependent, with timing of exposure and Bd strain influencing the severity of the effects.

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The effect of pH on embryonal and larval development of the Caucasian Brown Frog, <i>Rana macrocnemis</i>

Gamidova

Рабаданова

2022

Ûg Ross.: èkol. razvit.

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Aim. To study the effect of different pH values on the characteristics of the embryonic and larval development of Rana macrocnemis.Material and methods. Fragments from 6–7 clutches of R. macrocnemis collected on the territory of Foothill Dagestan were used in the work. The experiment included two series of experiments: in the 1st series, the entire cycle of embryonic‐larval development of the R. macrocnemis frog was studied, and in the 2nd, only the postembryonic development of R. macrocnemis was studied. Eggs were individually placed in containers with different pH values (4.0, 5.0, and 9.0).Results. The most vulnerable periods in the development of R. macrocnemis are the stages of neurula, limb formation, and metamorphosis. At pH 4.0, oxygen consumption by larvae decreases, accompanied by suppression of feeding behavior and a decrease in the intensity of metabolic processes. In addition, pH 4.0 has a negative effect on the survival of embryos and larvae. At pH 5.0, changes are noted that are mainly of an adaptive nature. Against the background of the accelerated development of embryos at these pH values, a significant decrease in the length and weight of their body is noted. With the transition to larval development, an increase in body size is observed against the background of a small increase in weight. An elongation of the duration of the period from the beginning of the formation of limbs to the end of metamorphosis was also noted.Conclusion. The data obtained can be used in monitoring the level of acidity of the environment and the oxygen content in natural water bodies during the spawning period, which will help clarify the issue of the reduction in the number of R. macrocnemis frogs in Dagestan.

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Influence of the concentration of dissolved oxygen on embryonic development of the common toad (Bufo bufo)

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Spatial variation in genomic signatures of local adaptation during the cane toad invasion of Australia

Spatial variation in genomic signatures of local adaptation during the cane toad invasion of Australia

Direct and Latent Effects of Pathogen Exposure Across Native and Invasive Amphibian Life Stages

The effect of pH on embryonal and larval development of the Caucasian Brown Frog, <i>Rana macrocnemis</i>

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