Influence of the Energy Density on the Porosity of Polyamide Parts in SLS Process

Toth-Taşcău, Mirela; Răduţă, Aurel; Stoia, Dan Ioan; Locovei, Cosmin

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.188.400

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The influence of the energy density on the porosity of a 3D product made of PA_2200 was also studied when the structure was monitored by SEM. The samples built with medium energy density exhibited lower porosity, while at low and high energies, the porosity was higher [ 72 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

et al. 2022

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3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is becoming increasingly popular for prototype processing in industrial practice. Laser sintering, which is a laser powder bed fusion technique, is a versatile and common 3D printing technology, which enables compact and high-quality products. Polyamide 12, a popular 3D printing material, provides reliable mechanical and thermal properties. Weaknesses in applying this technology for polyamide 12 include incomplete information regarding the application of various types of additives and different printing orientations with respect to the properties. This study aimed to investigate the influence of various additives (including carbon fiber, glass fiber, flame retardant, and aluminum powder) combined with polyamide 12, using processing of predefined powder refreshing mixture on the properties of a finished product. The thermal, surface, and mechanical properties of samples printed with five different polyamides 12-based powders at three different print orientations were investigated. It was found that the inclusion of additives decreases the tensile strength and increases the surface roughness of printed components—however, the toughness increases. The results can assist designers in selecting an appropriate material that will produce a finished part with the required properties for a given application.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

et al. 2022

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“…Since there is no effective treatment or vaccination against COVID-19, disease prevention is the highest priority; therefore, the standard disinfection methods should be further investigated and risk-stratified in terms of the aforementioned materials and reusable PPE. Although there are many research papers describing the layer-based structural characteristics of FFF 3D printing technology, the examination of PA structures created with SLS technology focuses on the granule itself and the in-production states of melting [17,[54][55][56][57]. In the case of PPE fabrication, the surface of the product is crucial for determining the survivability of different biological agents.…”

Section: Results Of Mechanical and Structural Analyses Before And Aftmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Fabricated with Additive Manufacturing Technologies in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2020

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Different additive manufacturing technologies have proven effective and useful in remote medicine and emergency or disaster situations. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease, caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, has had a huge impact on our society, including in relation to the continuous supply of personal protective equipment (PPE). The aim of the study is to give a detailed overview of 3D-printed PPE devices and provide practical information regarding the manufacturing and further design process, as well as describing the potential risks of using them. Open-source models of a half-face mask, safety goggles, and a face-protecting shield are evaluated, considering production time, material usage, and cost. Estimations have been performed with fused filament fabrication (FFF) and selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, highlighting the material characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide, and a two-compound silicone. Spectrophotometry measurements of transparent PMMA samples were performed to determine their functionality as goggles or face mask parts. All the tests were carried out before and after the tetra-acetyl-ethylene-diamine (TAED)-based disinfection process. The results show that the disinfection has no significant effect on the mechanical and structural stability of the used polymers; therefore, 3D-printed PPE is reusable. For each device, recommendations and possible means of development are explained. The files of the modified models are provided. SLS and FFF additive manufacturing technology can be useful tools in PPE development and small-series production, but open-source models must be used with special care.

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“…The controllable process parameters used for the entire samples are presented in Table 1. The power of the laser beam (P), its velocity (v) and scan spacing (d) are three parameters that build up the energy density (ED), required for sinterization of the powder bed (Equation (1)) [29,51]. The relation between these three parameters is graphically presented in Figure 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Manufacturing Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Porous Materials by Selective Laser Sintering

2019

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This paper presents a study on the tensile properties of Alumide and polyamide PA2200 standard samples produced by Additive manufacturing (AM) based on selective laser sintering (SLS). Because of the orthogonal trajectories of the laser beam during exposure, different orientations of the samples may lead to different mechanical properties. In order to reveal this process issue, four orientations of the samples in building envelope were investigated. For data reliability, all the other process parameters were constant for each material and every orientation. The tensile tests highlight small differences in elastic properties of the two materials, while significant differences in strength properties and energy absorption were observed. Nevertheless, Young modulus indicates high stiffness of the Alumide comparing to PA2200 samples. The stereo microscopy reveals a brittle fracture site for Alumide and a ductile fracture with longitudinal splitting zones for PA2200. From the orientation point of view, similar properties of samples oriented at 0 and 90 degrees for all investigated mechanical properties were observed. However, tensile strength was less influenced by the sample orientations.

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Influence of the Energy Density on the Porosity of Polyamide Parts in SLS Process

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

An Overview on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Fabricated with Additive Manufacturing Technologies in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic

Influence of Manufacturing Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Porous Materials by Selective Laser Sintering

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