“…Through these techniques, lichens have been widely used as the biological indicator to determine forest health. Lichens from forests were collected and analyzed to measure the concentrations of heavy metals such as Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb (Kłos et al, 2011), concentrations of S and N (Cleavitt et al, 2015), the efficiency of the chlorophyll (Loppi and Baragatti 2011) and the integrity of the cell membrane in the lichen (Will-Wolf et al, 2018). Also, monitoring has been carried out on heavy metals such as K, Fe, Mg, Ca, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu from the internal organs of mammals, such as the liver of wild boar (Kasprzyk et al, 2020), the colon of rats (Naderi et al, 2017) and the blood of livestock (Amadi et al, 2020).…”