Influence of the heat treatment temperature on the MAO coating produced in the Ti–25Ta–25Zr alloy

Kuroda, Pedro Akira Bazaglia; de Mattos, Felype Narciso; Grandini, Carlos Roberto; Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.08.212

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The appearance of cracks may be associated with the increase in process energy due to the increase in the amount of ion in the electrolyte. With the increase in energy, the temperature during the MAO proces also increased, which can cause cracks in the ceramic coating due to the differenc between the coefficient of thermal expansion of the ceramic (coating) and the meta (substrate) [48]. Figure 3 displays the information obtained from the ImageJ software (version 1.53t) regarding the sample surfaces' porosity and pore density (number of pores/area).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, after the process is complete, the cooling rate is also high due to the electrolytic bath in which the sample is immersed [46,53]. Therefore, the ceramic coating produced by the MAO process tends to be predominantly amorphous [48,55,56]. Figure 6 represents the cross-section of the samples, with the thickness of each coating displayed in the images.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silver Containing Antimicrobial Coatings on Innovative Ti-30Nb-5Mo β-Alloy Prepared by Micro-Arc Oxidation for Biomedical Implant Applications

Cardoso,

Barbaro,

Kuroda

et al. 2024

Coatings

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Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a versatile surface-modification method that promotes higher wear and corrosion resistance, osseointegration, and biological activity to titanium alloys’ surfaces. This study aimed to modify the surface of a recently developed metastable β Ti alloy, which exhibits more favorable mechanical properties for implant applications compared to some commercial Ti alloys, by incorporating Ag into the coatings to introduce a bactericidal function to the surface. The Ti-30Nb-5Mo alloy, with lower elastic modulus, was treated by the MAO method using electrolyte solutions containing calcium acetate, magnesium acetate, β-glycerol phosphate, and varied concentrations of silver nitrate (1.5 mM, 2.5 mM, and 3.5 mM). With an increase in the concentration of silver ions in the electrolyte, the galvanostatic period during the MAO process decreased from 1.7 s to 0.5 s. The Ca/P ratio increased from 0.72 up to 1.36. X-ray diffraction showed that the MAO coatings were formed by rutile and anatase TiO2 main phases and calcium phosphates. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis detected the presence of amorphous Nb2O5, CaCO3, and MgCO3, and metallic and oxide forms of Ag. The increase in Ag in the electrolyte decreased the coating thickness (from 14.2 μm down to 10.0 μm), increased the contact angle (from 37.6° up to 57.4°), and slightly increased roughness (from 0.64 μm up to 0.79 μm). The maximum inhibition of Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans strains growth was of 43%, 43%, and 61%, respectively. The Ag did not negatively affect the differentiation of adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, the treatment of the surface of the innovative Ti-30Nb-5Mo alloy by the MAO method was effective in producing a noncytotoxic porous coating with bactericidal properties and improved osseointegration capabilities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silver Containing Antimicrobial Coatings on Innovative Ti-30Nb-5Mo β-Alloy Prepared by Micro-Arc Oxidation for Biomedical Implant Applications

Cardoso,

Barbaro,

Kuroda

et al. 2024

Coatings

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“…Regarding the Cu incorporated into the coating by the MAO process, doublets of Cu 2 O at 933.2 and 952.0 eV, and CuO at 935.7 and 955.8 eV were detected ( Figure 7 d) [ 54 , 60 , 61 ]. Lastly, in the O1s spectrum ( Figure 7 e), peaks of metallic oxides at 530.8 eV and hydroxide (OH) at 531.8 eV [ 56 , 62 ] were registered. Analyzing the composition of each Cu oxide, it was observed that there was an increase in the CuO/Cu 2 O ratio (0.15, 0.21, and 0.37) as the Cu concentration in the electrolyte increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although all coatings produced on the Ti-30Nb-5Mo alloy substrates show no considerable variations in contact angle, their values are below 90°, indicating the hydrophilicity of the coatings. This situation is because TiO 2 , the main component of the coatings, has a high surface polarity, making it more susceptible to bonding with water molecules [ 39 , 62 , 64 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Cu-Doped TiO2 Coatings on the β Ti-30Nb-5Mo Alloy by Micro-Arc Oxidation

Cardoso,

Barbaro,

Kuroda

et al. 2023

Materials

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Among the different surface modification techniques, micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is explored for its ability to enhance the surface properties of Ti alloys by creating a controlled and durable oxide layer. The incorporation of Cu ions during the MAO process introduces additional functionalities to the surface, offering improved corrosion resistance and antimicrobial activity. In this study, the β-metastable Ti-30Nb-5Mo alloy was oxidated through the MAO method to create a Cu-doped TiO2 coating. The quantity of Cu ions in the electrolyte was changed (1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 mMol) to develop coatings with different Cu concentrations. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, contact angle, and Vickers microhardness techniques were applied to characterize the deposited coatings. Cu incorporation increased the antimicrobial activity of the coatings, inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria strains, and Candida albicans fungus by approximately 44%, 37%, 19%, and 41%, respectively. Meanwhile, the presence of Cu did not inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. The hardness of all the deposited coatings was between 4 and 5 GPa. All the coatings were non-cytotoxic for adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSC), promoting approximately 90% of cell growth and not affecting the AMSC differentiation into the osteogenic lineage.

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“…Komarova et al [4] demonstrated that adding Zn caused a slight increase in the crystallinity of the coating produced on the Ti-40Nb alloy, although the coating was mainly amorphous. Kuroda et al [13] studied the effect of thermal treatments on MAO coatings and observed that, even at high temperatures (800 °C), the coating remained amorphous. Upon the Ti peaks deconvolution, the doublet relative to TiO2 was observed, with a peak (2p3/2) at 458.5 eV [53].…”

Section: Structural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of Ca, P, Mg, and Zn Elements in Ti-30Nb-5Mo Alloy by Micro-Arc Oxidation for Biomedical Implant Applications: Surface Characterization, Cellular Growth, and Microorganisms’ Activity

Cardoso,

Barbaro,

Kuroda

et al. 2023

Coatings

Self Cite

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Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) is a surface modification technique used to improve the surface properties of titanium alloys, such as corrosion, wear resistance, and osseointegration. In addition to promoting the growth of a porous oxide coating on the sample’s surface, it is also possible to incorporate bioactive elements into this coating, such as calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium, as well as elements with antimicrobial action, such as zinc. Thus, this study aimed at the surface modification of the β Ti-30Nb-5Mo alloy by the MAO method, incorporating calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc to improve osseointegration and promote bactericidal character in the produced coating. The results showed that the porosity, roughness, and crystallinity of the coating tend to increase with increasing Zn concentration in the electrolyte, while the contact angle decreases. The antimicrobial activity was promoted against the E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa bacteria strains and the C. albicans fungus. Incorporating Zn on the surface also did not negatively affect adiposetissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, and promoted more significant growth of these cells on the samples’ surface.

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Influence of the heat treatment temperature on the MAO coating produced in the Ti–25Ta–25Zr alloy

Cited by 8 publications

References 74 publications

Silver Containing Antimicrobial Coatings on Innovative Ti-30Nb-5Mo β-Alloy Prepared by Micro-Arc Oxidation for Biomedical Implant Applications

Silver Containing Antimicrobial Coatings on Innovative Ti-30Nb-5Mo β-Alloy Prepared by Micro-Arc Oxidation for Biomedical Implant Applications

Antimicrobial Cu-Doped TiO2 Coatings on the β Ti-30Nb-5Mo Alloy by Micro-Arc Oxidation

Incorporation of Ca, P, Mg, and Zn Elements in Ti-30Nb-5Mo Alloy by Micro-Arc Oxidation for Biomedical Implant Applications: Surface Characterization, Cellular Growth, and Microorganisms’ Activity

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