Influence of the Ionosphere on the Parameters of the GPS Navigation Signals during a Geomagnetic Substorm

Захаров, В. И.; Чернышов, А. А.; Miloch, W. J.; Jin, Yaqi

doi:10.1134/s0016793220060158

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our analysis shows that the scintillation level for GLONASS and GPS satellites is higher at L2 for the events considered than at L1. This result check well with those obtained earlier in [Zakharov et al, 2016;. The statistical analysis of GPS signals for 2010-2014 for IGS and CHAIN network stations, located in the Arctic region (north of 55° N), has shown that the probability of phase slips at L2 is almost 10 times greater than at L1 for G3-class magnetic storms and substorms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…At midlatitudes, on the contrary, the stability in measuring pseudorange at the fundamental frequency for GPS is higher than for GLONASS. In [Zakharov et al, 2016, it has been demonstrated that the probability of a phase slip at L2, even under quiet conditions, is 3 to 15 times higher than at L1. A similar ratio is true of the slip probabilities for P2 and P1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of geomagnetic disturbances on scintillations of GLONASS and GPS signals as observed on the Kola Peninsula

Belahovskiy,

Budnikov,

Kalishin

et al. 2023

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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We have compared effects of geomagnetic disturbances during magnetic storms of various types (CME and CIR) and during an isolated substorm on scintillations of GLONASS and GPS signals, using a Septentrio PolaRx5 receiver installed in Apatity (Murmansk Region, Russia). We analyze observational data for 2021. The magnetic storms of November 3–4, 2021 and October 11–12, 2021 are examined in detail. The November 3–4, 2021 magnetic storm was one of the most powerful in recent years. The analysis shows that the scintillation phase index reaches its highest values during nighttime and evening substorms (σϕ≈1.5–1.8), accompanied by a negative bay in the magnetic field. During magnetic storms, positive bays in the magnetic field, associated with an increase in the eastward electrojet, lead, however, to quite comparable values of the phase scintillation index. An increase in phase scintillations during nighttime and evening disturbances correlates with an increase in the intensity of ULF waves (Pi3/Pc5 pulsations) and with the appearance of aurora arcs. This confirms the important role of ULF waves in forming the auroral arc and in developing ionospheric irregularities. The predominance of the green line in the spectrum of auroras indicates the contribution of disturbances in the ionospheric E layer to the scintillation increase. Pulsating auroras, associated with ionospheric disturbances in the D layer, do not lead to a noticeable increase in phase scintillations. Analysis of ionospheric critical frequencies according to ionosonde data from the Lovozero Hydrometeorological Station indicates the contribution of the sporadic Es layer of the ionosphere to jumps in phase scintillations. The difference between phase scintillation values on GLONASS and GPS satellites during individual disturbances can be as great as 1.5 times, which may be due to different orbits of the satellites. At the same time, the level of GLONASS/GPS scintillations at the L2 frequency is higher than at the L1 frequency. We did not find an increase in the amplitude index of scintillations during the events considered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of geomagnetic disturbances on scintillations of GLONASS and GPS signals as observed on the Kola Peninsula

Belahovskiy,

Budnikov,

Kalishin

et al. 2023

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…At some monitoring stations at midlatitudes, the GPS positioning error in the PPP mode may increase five times relative to the background level and reach 0.5 m [Yasyukevich et al, 2020b] (Figure 8), although for most storms it does not exceed 0.3 m [Luo et al, 2018]. Optical data confirms that GNSS signal losses of lock are associated with auroral particle precipitation in the high-latitude ionosphere [Zakharov et al, 2020]. It has also been found that upon expansion of the auroral oval to midlatitudes the region of increased positioning errors in different modes shifts in the same direction [Demyanov, Yasyukevich, 2014;Afraimovich et al, 2009a;Yasyukevich et al, 2020b].…”

Section: Experimental Observations Of the Impact Of Geomagnetic Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Space weather: risk factors for Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Demyanov

Yasyukevich

2021

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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Extreme space weather events affect the stability and quality of the global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) of the second generation (GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou/Compass) and GNSS augmentation. We review the theory about mechanisms behind the impact of geomagnetic storms, ionospheric irregularities, and powerful solar radio bursts on the GNSS user segment. We also summarize experimental observations of the space weather effects on GNSS performance in 2000–2020 to confirm the theory. We analyze the probability of failures in measurements of radio navigation parameters, decrease in positioning accuracy of GNSS users in dual-frequency mode and differential navigation mode (RTK), and in precise point positioning (PPP). Additionally, the review includes data on the occurrence of dangerous and extreme space weather phenomena and the possibility for predicting their im- pact on the GNSS user segment. The main conclusions of the review are as follows: 1) the positioning error in GNSS users may increase up to 10 times in various modes during extreme space weather events, as compared to the background level; 2) GNSS space and ground segments have been significantly modernized over the past decade, thus allowing a substantial in- crease in noise resistance of GNSS under powerful solar radio burst impacts; 3) there is a great possibility for increasing the tracking stability and accuracy of radio navigation parameters by introducing algorithms for adaptive lock loop tuning, taking into account the influence of space weather events; 4) at present, the urgent scientific and technical problem of modernizing GNSS by improving the scientific methodology, hardware and software for monitoring the system integrity and monitoring the availability of required navigation parameters, taking into account the impact of extreme space weather events, is still unresolved.

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“…The variation of the above metrics during a magnetic storm is demonstrated in Figure 1. Magnetic storm events are usually categorized into three phases: Initial phase, main phase, and recovery phase regarding the change in the Dst index [57,58]. The 5 November magnetic storm event began around 8:00 p.m. when the Dst index was trending up, the IMF Bz was trending down, and the solar wind speeds spiked into the initial phase.…”

Section: Analysis Of Weather Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Study of Adaptive Threshold Cycle Slip Detection on BDS/GPS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning during Geomagnetic Storms

Su,

Zeng,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) provides users with all-weather, continuous, high-precision positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services. In the operation and use of GNSS, the influence of the space environment is a factor that must be considered. For example, during geomagnetic storms, a series of changes in the Earth’s magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere affect GNSS’s positioning performance. To investigate the positioning performance of global satellite navigation systems during geomagnetic storms, this study selected three geomagnetic storm events that occurred from September to December 2023. Utilizing the global positioning system (GPS)/Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS) dual-system, kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) experiments were conducted, and the raw observational data from 100 stations worldwide was analyzed. The experimental results show that the positioning accuracy of some stations in high-latitude areas decreases significantly when using the conventional Geometry Free (GF) cycle-slip detection threshold during geomagnetic storms, which means that the GF is no longer applicable to high-precision positioning services. Meanwhile, there is no significant change in the satellite signal strengths received at the stations during the period of the decrease in positioning accuracy. Analyzing the cycle-slip rates for stations where abnormal accuracy occurred, it was observed that stations experiencing a significant decline in positioning accuracy exhibited serious cycle-slip misjudgments. To improve the kinematic PPP accuracy during magnetic storms, this paper proposes an adaptive threshold for cycle-slip detection and designs five experimental strategies. After using the GF adaptive threshold, the station positioning accuracy improved significantly. It achieved the accuracy level of the quiet period, while the cycle-slip incidence reached the average level. During magnetic storms, the ionosphere changes rapidly, and the use of the traditional GF constant threshold will cause serious cycle-slip misjudgments, which makes the dynamic accuracy in high latitude areas and some mid-latitude areas uncommon, while the use of the GF adaptive threshold can alleviate this phenomenon and improve the positioning accuracy in the high-latitude regions and some of the affected mid-latitude areas during the magnetic storms.

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Influence of the Ionosphere on the Parameters of the GPS Navigation Signals during a Geomagnetic Substorm

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of geomagnetic disturbances on scintillations of GLONASS and GPS signals as observed on the Kola Peninsula

Influence of geomagnetic disturbances on scintillations of GLONASS and GPS signals as observed on the Kola Peninsula

Space weather: risk factors for Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Initial Study of Adaptive Threshold Cycle Slip Detection on BDS/GPS Kinematic Precise Point Positioning during Geomagnetic Storms

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