Influence of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) superoxide dismutase homologue on host transcriptional activity, apoptosis and histopathology

Abstract

<jats:p>Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a Capripoxvirus, is of economic importance in the cattle industry and is controlled by vaccination. A comparison was made of the host response to the two LSDV vaccines Neethling and Herbivac LS, with reference to the well-studied Orthopoxvirus, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA), in a mouse model. Because the vaccines differ at the superoxide dismutase homologue (SOD) gene locus, recombinant SOD knock-out and knock-in nLSDV vaccines were constructed and all four vaccines were tested for the induction and inhibition of apoptosis. The SOD homologue was associated both with induction of apoptosis as well as inhibition of camptothecin-induced apoptosis. Histological analysis of chorioallantoic membranes of fertilized hens’ eggs infected with the four different vaccines indicated marked mesodermal proliferation associated with vaccines containing the full-length SOD homologue as well as increased immune cell infiltration. Our findings suggest that the SOD homologue may influence vaccine immunogenicity.</jats:p>

Isolation and characterization of lumpy skin disease virus from cattle in India

“…However, TCID 50 may not represent the accurate virus titer as manual observation of CPE under microscope could lead to deviations in the results partly due to the possible subjective (eye) effect. Emerging evidences also suggest use of MDBK cell line for propagation of LSDV [26][27][28][29]. A focus forming assay (in MDBK cells) has been described for LSDV [29,30]…”

Isolation and characterization of lumpy skin disease virus from cattle in India

“…However, TCID 50 may not represent the accurate virus titre as manual observation of CPE under microscope could lead to deviations in the results partly due to the possible subjective (eye) effect. Emerging evidences also suggest use of MDBK cell line for propagation of LSDV [29][30][31][32]. A focus forming assay (in MDBK cells) has been described for LSDV [25,29] but precise counting of foci under microscope is a tedious task.…”

Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells are a suitable cell line for the propagation and study of the bovine poxvirus lumpy skin disease virus

“…A continuous ovine testis cell line, OA3.Ts, has been shown to support propagation of LSDV ( Babiuk et al, 2007 ) however this cell line grows slowly, has a limited passage number, and its pestivirus status is unclear. There are also a growing number of reports of LSDV propagation on Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells ( Moller et al, 2019 ; Munyanduki et al, 2020 ; Wallace and Viljoen, 2002 ).…”