Influence of the polymer structure of polycarboxylate-based superplasticizers on the intercalation behaviour in montmorillonite clays

Borralleras, Pere; Segura, Ignacio; Aranda, Miguel A. G.; Aguado, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.014

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The understanding of the intercalation mechanism has been complemented thanks to the measurements of interlayer d-spacing using in situ XRPD analysis on fresh, unaltered clay pastes [17]. Using this methodology, it is demonstrated that the expansion of MNT clays produced by the intercalation of PCE side chains is larger than that deduced from the aforementioned studies and revels the true influence of the structure of PCE polymers in the affinity for intercalating inside montmorillonite clays, as presented by the authors in [18]. None of these observations can be clearly identified by the typical analytical method used to measure the interlayer d-spacing, which is based on XRPD analysis performed on centrifuged and dried clay pastes [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Table 2 presents the characteristics of the PCE and XPE polymers used. The side chain frequency and the side chain density are calculated from the PCE anionic charge, determined by titration with KOH [18].…”

Section: Water-reducer/superplasticizer Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This work is part of our ongoing research effort to better understand the interaction of PCE with clays [17,18] with the final aim to develop clay-resistant PCEs. In order to do so, the interaction between MNT and PCE polymers must be unravelled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absorption conformations in the intercalation process of polycarboxylate ether based superplasticizers into montmorillonite clay

Borralleras¹,

Segura

Aranda

et al. 2020

Construction and Building Materials

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h i g h l i g h t s Three absorption conformations are proposed for the intercalation of PCE polymers. The conformation taken by PCE (spatial arrangement) depends on both PCE and clay. Main controlling factors of PCEs are the side chain length and side chain density. Main controlling factors of the clay are the layer charge and particle morphology. PCE anionic charge only conditions one of the absorption conformations identified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Water-reducer/superplasticizer Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absorption conformations in the intercalation process of polycarboxylate ether based superplasticizers into montmorillonite clay

Borralleras¹,

Segura

Aranda

et al. 2020

Construction and Building Materials

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] The clay layers are exfoliated or inflamed (intercalated) in the matrix. [7][8][9][10] Generally, the extent of intercalation/exfoliation depends on the capabilities of polymer chains and clay to interact via interfacial zone. [11][12][13][14] Many researchers tried to use the organically modified clay or compatibilizer to enhance the delamination of clay layers in the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensile modulus of clay‐reinforced system supposing the interphase effectiveness for load transferring

Zare

Rhee

2021

Polymer Composites

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In this work, we focus on the minimum interfacial shear modulus (S c ) and interfacial shear modulus (S i ) controlling the efficiency of interphase zone in polymer clay nanocomposites, since the stress transferring through interphase section handles the stress bearing of samples. The roles of "S c " and "S i " in the effective thickness and concentration of interphase zone are clarified. Moreover, a model based on Kolarik system is developed for modulus of clayreinforced nanocomposites, which reflects the efficiency of interphase zone. The experimental data of tensile modulus for many samples display good matching with the predictions of the advanced model. Also, all model parameters properly manipulate the nanocomposite's modulus. Thick clay (t > 4 nm) cannot generate the interphase zone in the samples. A poor "S c ," high "S i ," and thin clay improve the modulus of nanocomposites, but very high "S c ," extremely poor "S i ," or thick clay cause a poor nanocomposite. A high value of S c = 0.21 GPa deteriorates the reinforcing efficiency of clay in nanocomposites. Furthermore, low S i < 35 GPa produces a poorer nanocomposite than the polymer matrix. Additionally, complete exfoliation of thin clay (t = 1 nm) causes 900% improvement in the nanocomposite's modulus.

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“…In addition, polyethylene glycol might be intercalated preferentially into the interlayer to hinder the intercalation of PCE (Tan et al , 2017). Furthermore, the influence of the polymer structure of PCE (Borralleras et al , 2019b), adsorption conformations (Borralleras et al , 2020) and experimental procedures (Borralleras et al , 2019a) on intercalation behaviour in montmorillonite clays has also been investigated systematically. However, these methods always weakened the side chains of the superplasticizer, which may lead to a loss of dispersing capacity.…”

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confidence: 99%

A novel method for solving the impact of clay on concrete workability: dimensional design and mechanism analysis

Liu

et al. 2020

Clay miner.

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Clay often has severe detrimental impacts on cement-based materials. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the mechanism causing the deterioration to improve the service life of cement-based materials. Based on accurate dimensional analysis, a mechanism that influences clay is proposed: the intercalation of the side chains of superplasticizer molecules in the interlayer space of the clay. To lessen this harmful effect, a new clay-resistant admixture (CRA) possessing cationic groups of small molecular size was synthesized through a novel dimensional design. The length and width of the side chains of this superplasticizer molecule were 9.50–17.50 and 0.25–0.40 nm, respectively, with a radius of ~3.74 nm in solvent, which is larger than the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite (i.e. 1.09–2.14 nm). The longitudinal and latitudinal lengths of the CRA molecule were 0.468 and 9.456 nm, respectively, ensuring intercalation in the interlayer of montmorillonite. The increase in interlayer spacing of the clay was 0.364 nm following addition of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) plus CRA and 0.632 nm following addition of PCE, which suggests that the CRA plays the role of a ‘sacrificial agent’ that is preferentially intercalated into the interlayer space of clay to further prevent the side chains of the superplasticizer molecules from entering the interlayer. The aim of this study was to propose a suitable means of synthesizing a new CRA to address the impact of clay through dimensional design and mechanism analysis, which contributes to the theoretical study and technological improvement of cement-based materials.

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Influence of the polymer structure of polycarboxylate-based superplasticizers on the intercalation behaviour in montmorillonite clays

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Absorption conformations in the intercalation process of polycarboxylate ether based superplasticizers into montmorillonite clay

Absorption conformations in the intercalation process of polycarboxylate ether based superplasticizers into montmorillonite clay

Tensile modulus of clay‐reinforced system supposing the interphase effectiveness for load transferring

A novel method for solving the impact of clay on concrete workability: dimensional design and mechanism analysis

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