Influence of the spatial confinement on the self-focusing of ultrashort pulses in hollow-core fibers

Crego, Aurora; Jarque, Enrique Conejero; Román, Julio San

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45940-3

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the following, we present a completely analytical approach for determining spatial soliton solutions in nonlinear multimode fiber geometries. Similar spatio-temporal solitons have previously been observed in numerical simulations [27,28]. Moreover, our approach is mathematically similar to the cage soliton solutions of the Haus master equation of mode-locking [29,30], and it is also applicable for the thriving field of multimode fiber nonlinear optics [31][32][33].…”

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confidence: 76%

Spatial cage solitons -- taming light bullets

Mei¹,

Babushkin²,

Nagy³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Multimode nonlinear optics offers to overcome a long-standing limitation of fiber optics, tightly phase locking several spatial modes and enabling the coherent transport of a wavepacket through a multimode fiber. A similar problem is encountered in the temporal compression of multi-mJ pulses to few-cycle duration in hollow gas-filled fibers. Scaling the fiber length to up to six meters, hollow fibers have recently reached 1 TW of peak power. Despite the remarkable utility of the hollow fiber compressor and its widespread application, however, no analytical model exists to enable insight into the scaling behavior of maximum compressibility and peak power. Here we extend a recently introduced formalism for describing mode-locking to the spatially analogue scenario of locking spatial fiber modes together. Our formalism unveils the coexistence of two soliton branches for anomalous modal dispersion and indicates the formation of stable spatio-temporal light bullets that would be unstable in free space, similar to the temporal cage solitons in mode-locking theory. Our model enables deeper understanding of the physical processes behind the formation of such light bullets and predict the existence of multimode solitons in a much wider range of fiber types than previously considered possible.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Spatial cage solitons -- taming light bullets

Mei¹,

Babushkin²,

Nagy³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…1 the spatial profile of the necklace beam at the entrance of the capillary. We do not observe any spatial dynamics, like self-focusing, along the propagation through the capillary [7]. For the parameters used in the simulation the zerodispersion wavelength (ZDW) is 679 nm, so the input pulse propagates in the anomalous dispersion region.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Visible short-pulses generation by nonlinear propagation of necklace beams in capillaries

2020

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We study numerically the propagation of necklace beams through a gas-filled capillary. Ultra-short pulses in the visible (VIS) region can be obtained due to the spectral broadening of these necklace beams. This new source of few-cycle VIS pulses can be generated carrying tens of microjoules of energy using these special beams, being a valuable tool for the improvement of the standard post-compression schemes in terms of spatial stability and output energy.

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“…While for CW lasers there is a mathematical relationship to calculate P cr from the nonlinear refractive index of a medium, this cannot be used accurately for ultrashort pulses [83] so we cannot predict a specific threshold for self-focusing. This effect is, however, observed regularly with femtosecond pulsed lasers [84][85][86][87] and is expected at the gigawatt peak powers reached by lasers generated through hollow core fiber compression. In a successful experiment, these incredibly high peak powers will have to be contained to avoid self-focusing, beam filamentation, as well as nonlinear absorption effects in the sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Applications and Limits of Time-to-Energy Mapping of Protein Crystal Diffraction Using Energy-Chirped Polychromatic XFEL Pulses

et al. 2020

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A broadband energy-chirped hard X-ray pulse has been demonstrated at the SwissFEL (free electron laser) with up to 4% bandwidth. We consider the characteristic parameters for analyzing the time dependence of stationary protein diffraction with energy-chirped pulses. Depending on crystal mosaic spread, convergence, and recordable resolution, individual reflections are expected to spend at least ≈ 50 attoseconds and up to ≈ 8 femtoseconds in reflecting condition. Using parameters for a chirped XFEL pulse obtained from simulations of 4% bandwidth conditions, ray-tracing simulations have been carried out to demonstrate the temporal streaking across individual reflections and resolution ranges for protein crystal diffraction. Simulations performed at a higher chirp (10%) emphasize the importance of chirp magnitude that would allow increased observation statistics for the temporal separation of individual reflections for merging and structure determination. Finally, we consider the fundamental limitation for obtaining time-dependent observations using chirped pulse diffraction. We consider the maximum theoretical time resolution achievable to be on the order of 50–200 as from the instantaneous bandwidth of the chirped SASE pulse. We then assess the ability to propagate ultrafast optical pulses for pump-probe cross-correlation under characteristic conditions of material dispersion; in this regard, the limiting factors for time resolution scale with crystal thickness. Crystals that are below a few microns in size will be necessary for subfemtosecond time resolution.

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Influence of the spatial confinement on the self-focusing of ultrashort pulses in hollow-core fibers

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Spatial cage solitons -- taming light bullets

Spatial cage solitons -- taming light bullets

Visible short-pulses generation by nonlinear propagation of necklace beams in capillaries

Applications and Limits of Time-to-Energy Mapping of Protein Crystal Diffraction Using Energy-Chirped Polychromatic XFEL Pulses

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