Influence of the urease inhibitor suspension (Atmowell<sup>®</sup>) on the fluorescent dye pyranine and its spray and drift behavior in wind tunnel measurements

Ehmke, Annika; Melfsen, Andreas; Wegener, Jens Karl; Hartung, Eberhard

doi:10.1080/03601234.2023.2177463

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For simpler estimation, two situations in the over the cow scenario were considered separately. The video recorded for this purpose can be found at the following link: https://www.openagrar.de/receive/openagrar_mods_00091411 (accessed on 2 February 2024) [20]. On the one hand, the situation of nozzles meeting cows was observed (recording time: 2 to 4 s), while on the other hand, the situation of drag hoses pulled over cows also occurred (recording time: 5 to 10 s).…”

Section: Estimation Of Dermal Exposure-video Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To answer the last research question mentioned above, different established approaches and verified model calculation tools, such as (a) estimated maximum exposure data, (b) the ConsExpo modelling programme [22], and (c) the BfR calculation tool [23], were applied for risk assessment [20]. The dermal exposure values calculated via risk assessment were compared with the dermal exposure data measured in this study.…”

Section: Calculation Of the Amount Of Applied Ppda And The Dermal Sys...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, 379 mL corresponds to 9.5 mg of PPDA in each application run. The video has already been published [20].…”

Section: Video Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, it was found that the drift behaviour of a mixture of pyranine + Atmowell ® did not differ from that of a pure pyranine solution. In these studies, the Atmowell ® solution was substituted with a pyranine solution without significant effects on the exposure measurement results [19]. The use of pyranine combined with Tyvek ® as a collector is an effective methodological approach for detecting the dermal exposure of lifelike cow dummies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Development of Method for the Measurement of Dermal Exposure on a Lifelike Cow Dummy to Assess the Risk of Using a Urease Inhibitor (Atmowell®) to Reduce NH3 Emissions in Cattle Farming

Ehmke,

Wegener,

Melfsen

et al. 2024

Environments

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Up to 58% of NH3 emissions can be reduced through the use of the urease inhibitor Atmowell® in cattle farming. Automated manure scraper and drag hose systems should be used to apply urease inhibitors (UIs) to stable floors. Proof of safe use is also needed. A risk assessment of the urease inhibitor PPDA was conducted utilising estimated and calculated exposure data along with established and verified model calculation tools. Risk assessment models can be improved using measured dermal exposure data. The fluorescent dye pyranine and a Tyvek® collector were used to measure exposure. Tyvek® was attached to a lifelike cow dummy. Regarding the drag hose system, two worst-case scenarios were considered: over the cow and passing the cow. Regarding the robot application system, a 0 m frontal scenario was considered. The over the cow scenario exhibited the highest dermal exposure, with 1.5 mg of PPDA/cow per application run. The robot scenario exhibited the smallest amount, with 0.8 mg of PPDA/cow per application run. The risk of using PPDA was already excluded by model calculation tools in a risk assessment. Compared with the estimated and calculated dermal exposure values, the measured dermal exposure levels were reduced by a factor of two to six.

show abstract

Section: Estimation Of Dermal Exposure-video Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Calculation Of the Amount Of Applied Ppda And The Dermal Sys...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, 379 mL corresponds to 9.5 mg of PPDA in each application run. The video has already been published [20].…”

Section: Video Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Development of Method for the Measurement of Dermal Exposure on a Lifelike Cow Dummy to Assess the Risk of Using a Urease Inhibitor (Atmowell®) to Reduce NH3 Emissions in Cattle Farming

Ehmke,

Wegener,

Melfsen

et al. 2024

Environments

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Optimizing exposure data collection for plant protection products: identifying ideal collectors with the fluorescent dye pyranine

Ehmke,

Wegener,

Melfsen

et al. 2024

J Consum Prot Food Saf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

When approving plant protection products, exposure data are required for risk analysis. Exposure data can be collected for various exposure pathways, such as dermal, inhalation or ground sediment. For measuring exposures, pyranine, a fluorescent dye, and a collector can be used. However, the choice of collector material depends on the specific exposure pathway. This study aims to determine the most suitable collector, in combination with the tracer pyranine, for recording exposure through different pathways in practical trials.Seven different collectors (Tyvek®, labels, plastic patches, paper patches, nylon filters, fibreglass filters, petri dishes) were subjected to laboratory and field tests to assess various quality parameters. Blank values, recovery rates, storability, and fluorescence degradation under UV-radiation were measured. Based on the results, a matrix was created summarizing which collector might be best suited to capture each exposure pathway. Almost all collectors demonstrated high recovery rates (Tyvek® 100%; labels 100%; plastic patches 100%; paper patches 100%; nylon filters 95%; fiberglass filters 60.9%) as well as good storability. Furthermore, all plastic-based collectors (labels, Tyvek®, plastic patches, petri dishes) showed a very good recovery rate above 95% when exposed to UV-radiation. However, nylon filters were not suitable for utilization under field conditions due to the rapid degradation of fluorescence under UV-radiation (recovery rate: 20–56%). Nevertheless, nylon filters showed stable recoveries under protected conditions and can be used to assess inhalation exposures under these conditions. Fibreglass filters, with recovery rates of 84–86%, were well-suited for testing inhalative exposures outdoors when a correction factor was applied. Tyvek® was the most suitable material for detecting total dermal exposure under field conditions. This is due to its quality characteristics and availability in a variety of sizes. Finally, petri dishes were ideal for collecting ground sediments.

show abstract

Influence of the urease inhibitor suspension (Atmowell^®) on the fluorescent dye pyranine and its spray and drift behavior in wind tunnel measurements

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Development of Method for the Measurement of Dermal Exposure on a Lifelike Cow Dummy to Assess the Risk of Using a Urease Inhibitor (Atmowell®) to Reduce NH3 Emissions in Cattle Farming

Development of Method for the Measurement of Dermal Exposure on a Lifelike Cow Dummy to Assess the Risk of Using a Urease Inhibitor (Atmowell®) to Reduce NH3 Emissions in Cattle Farming

Optimizing exposure data collection for plant protection products: identifying ideal collectors with the fluorescent dye pyranine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Influence of the urease inhibitor suspension (Atmowell®) on the fluorescent dye pyranine and its spray and drift behavior in wind tunnel measurements

Cited by 2 publications

References 11 publications

Development of Method for the Measurement of Dermal Exposure on a Lifelike Cow Dummy to Assess the Risk of Using a Urease Inhibitor (Atmowell®) to Reduce NH3 Emissions in Cattle Farming

Development of Method for the Measurement of Dermal Exposure on a Lifelike Cow Dummy to Assess the Risk of Using a Urease Inhibitor (Atmowell®) to Reduce NH3 Emissions in Cattle Farming

Optimizing exposure data collection for plant protection products: identifying ideal collectors with the fluorescent dye pyranine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Influence of the urease inhibitor suspension (Atmowell^®) on the fluorescent dye pyranine and its spray and drift behavior in wind tunnel measurements