Influence of Thickness and Chemical Composition of Hot-Rolled Bands on the Final Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheets Subjected to Two Different Decarburizing Atmospheres

Calvillo, Nephtali; Ma, Soria,; Salinas‐Rodríguez, Armando; Gutiérrez, Emmanuel J.; Domínguez, Iván A. Reyes; Carrillo, F. R.

doi:10.3390/met7060229

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The Ti percent is very low in the investigated steels (between 0.003% in the case of NO20 and 0.008% for M300-35A). Titanium combines with C and N resulting in stable titanium carbonitrides, which favor the crystallographic texture development, but hinder the domain wall motion [39]. An increased Al content leads to a reduction of the classical energy loss.…”

Section: Influence Of the Icreased Cutting Density On The Energy Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Magnetic Properties and Chemical Composition of Non-Oriented Electrical Steels Cut through Different Technologies

et al. 2020

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Due to worldwide regulations on electric motor manufacturing, the energy efficiency of these devices has to be constantly improved. A solution may reside in the fact that high quality materials and adequate cutting technologies should be carefully chosen. The magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steels are affected by the cutting methods, through induced plastic, and thermal stresses. There is also an important correlation between chemical composition and different magnetic properties. In this paper, we analyze different industrial grades of non-oriented electrical steels, used in electrical machines’ core manufacturing as M800-65A, M800-50A, M400-65A, M400-50A, M300-35A, and NO20. The influence of the cutting methods on the normal magnetization curve, total energy loss and its components, and relative magnetic permeability is investigated in alternating currents using a laboratory single sheet tester. The chemical composition and grain size influence are analyzed and correlated with the magnetic properties. Special attention is devoted to the influence of the increased cutting perimeter on the energy losses and to the way it relates to each chemical alloy constituent. The final decision in what concerns the choice of the proper magnetic material and the specific cutting technology for the motor magnetic cores is imposed by the desired efficiency class and the specific industrial applications.

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Section: Influence Of the Icreased Cutting Density On The Energy Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between Magnetic Properties and Chemical Composition of Non-Oriented Electrical Steels Cut through Different Technologies

et al. 2020

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“…Crystallographic structure and texture are other important parameters that must be considered when the morphology of the local deformation is analyzed [ 14 , 58 , 59 ]. The main experimental methods to investigate them are electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), which provides the alloy texture, and optical microscopy, which offers the possibility to visualize the surface microstructure [ 60 ] and to determine through metallographic measurements the average grain size and the grain distribution [ 61 ].…”

Section: Morphology Of Local Deformation Generated By Cutting Technol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Magnetic Properties Variation in Non-Oriented Electrical Steels with Different Cutting Technology: A Review

Paltanea,

Manescu (Paltanea),

Antoniac

et al. 2024

Materials

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The problem of energy consumption reduction establishes important challenges for electric motor producers in the framework of new international regulations regarding the conditions that must be accomplished by motors in the near future. One of the most important topics is related to the core loss decrease directly linked to the effect of electrical steel degradation induced by the cutting technology. Understanding exactly how this phenomenon occurs by analyzing the chemical, mechanical, crystallographic, magnetic domain, and magnetic properties is of utmost importance when manufacturing processes must be changed and adapted to a new market characterized by high-efficiency motors. Today, mechanical and laser cutting technologies are the most used because of their reduced price and high-speed process. Still, unfortunately, these methods are not the best due to the fact that they lead, in most cases, to a high value of magnetic core losses, low electromagnetic torque, and hence reduced efficiency. This review paper shows that non-conventional technologies such as water jetting and electroerosion could be applied if proper modifications are added. This paper’s main idea is to present a comprehensive study regarding the impact of cutting technologies on microhardness and residual stresses, crystallographic texture, magnetic domain structure, and magnetic properties of some non-oriented electrical steels used in motor production. It provides a detailed analysis of the abovementioned aspects by including the authors’ research and findings in the wider context of other research group contributions. It also offers a general idea of the mechanisms present at the macro- and microscopic levels. The readers can find some of the most used analytical models, including the cutting process’s damaged effect on the magnetic properties’ variation based on a simple mathematical approach and examples of finite element modeling performed on real motor designs implemented in various programs. Last but not least, some practical implementations of the cutting procedure’s influence on motor working conditions are presented in the last section of the paper. It provides an up-to-date analysis regarding how the cutting method should be included in high-efficiency motor production by emphasizing the importance of the topic and identifying where supplementary research must be undertaken. From the investigated literature, by analyzing specific sample geometries associated with different characterization methods, it can be concluded that all the cutting technologies have an important contribution to the mechanical and magnetic quantities. When the magnetic core of an electric motor is produced through non-conventional methods, the overall influence of the cutting procedure has a low percentage in the motor efficiency, as presented in this paper.

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“…It is known that magnetization is hardest in the <111> direction but easiest in the <001> direction of iron crystals [22][23][24]. Thus, the η fiber (<001> parallel to the rolling direction) and the λ fiber (<001> parallel to the normal direction) are beneficial for magnetic induction, while the γ fiber (<111> parallel to the normal direction) is the least favorable for magnetic induction.…”

Section: Effect Of Shear Bands On the Nucleation And Growth Of η Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Texture Evolution and Magnetic Properties of Fe-6.5 wt. % Si and Fe-6.5 wt. % Si-0.5 wt. % Cu Alloys during Rolling and Annealing Treatment

Cheng

Liu

Zhu

et al. 2018

Metals

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Sheets of Fe-6.5 wt. % Si and Fe-6.5 wt. % Si-0.5 wt. % Cu with the thickness of 0.3 mm have been produced by hot and warm rolling. The microstructure, texture evolution and magnetic properties of the two alloys were investigated. It was found that the addition of 0.5 wt. % Cu promoted the formation of shear bands during warm rolling, and enhanced the {110}<001> texture at surface layer and {111}<112> texture in the middle layer. After annealing treatment, a strong η fiber texture with a peak at {110}<001> was formed in the Fe-6.5 wt. % Si-0.5 wt. % Cu sample, while the Fe-6.5 wt. % Si sample was characterized by complex γ, η and λ fibers. The formation of dominating η fiber in the annealed Fe-6.5 wt. % Si-0.5 wt. % Cu sample is attributed to the shear bands formed in {111}<112> oriented grains. These shear bands in {111}<112> oriented grains acted as the nucleation sites of η oriented grains and promoted the growth of Goss oriented grains. The presence of strong η fiber with a peak at Goss in Fe-6.5 wt. % Si-0.5 wt. % Cu sample was the cause for the higher magnetic induction observed for this sample than for the Fe-6.5 wt. % Si sample.

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Influence of Thickness and Chemical Composition of Hot-Rolled Bands on the Final Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Non-Oriented Electrical Steel Sheets Subjected to Two Different Decarburizing Atmospheres

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Correlation between Magnetic Properties and Chemical Composition of Non-Oriented Electrical Steels Cut through Different Technologies

Correlation between Magnetic Properties and Chemical Composition of Non-Oriented Electrical Steels Cut through Different Technologies

Mechanical and Magnetic Properties Variation in Non-Oriented Electrical Steels with Different Cutting Technology: A Review

Microstructure, Texture Evolution and Magnetic Properties of Fe-6.5 wt. % Si and Fe-6.5 wt. % Si-0.5 wt. % Cu Alloys during Rolling and Annealing Treatment

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