Influence of thyroid hormones on nervous system development – brief review

Abstract

The thyroid gland secretes important hormones for the overall development of organism, which include some related to tissue growth, as well as hormones that stimulate the O2 uptake in the cells and help the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Therefore influence the body mass and activity level thereof, including the activities of nervous system. The thyroid gland is not essential for life, however their absence or hypofunction during fetal and neonatal life result in severe mental, physical and mental slowness, poor resistance to cold, as well as dwarfism. The hyperfunction of this gland leads to weight loss, nervousness, tachycardia, tremor and production of excess heat.