Influence of topography on rainfall variability in Santiago Island, Cape Verde

Sanchez-Moreno, Juan Francisco; Mannaerts, Chris M.; Jetten, Victor

doi:10.1002/joc.3747

Cited by 49 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In some studies, the topography was considered to be an important influencing factor for precipitation change. Sanchez-Moreno et al [59] found that elevation had little effect on high and more extreme rainfalls, while low and medium rainfall events were significantly affected by orography, with most of the rainfall appearing on high elevations in Santiago Island, Africa. Koinrad, II [60] also found that elevation is strongly associated with light precipitation events.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Precipitation Extremes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China: Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Topography Effects

Shi

Yang

et al. 2017

Atmosphere

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Abstract:Although precipitation extremes exert a major influence on populations and the environment, trend analysis for the entire Qinghai-Tibetan plateau (QTP) has not previously been undertaken. In this study, meteorological data from 83 weather stations was used to analyze the temporal trends and spatial distribution of 10 extreme precipitation indices over the QTP during 1975-2014. The Mann Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator were used to determine significances and magnitudes of station trends. Spatially, stations recording increasing trends were mainly distributed in the southwestern, central and northern regions. Stations with decreasing trends were centered on the eastern and southeastern areas. Temporally, all indices had an increasing trend except for consecutive dry days (CDD) and consecutive wet days (CWD) during the study period. The contribution of extreme precipitation to total precipitation showed a significant increasing trend. These findings may be due to the complex interaction between the large-scale circulation and topography. In general, the changes of extreme precipitation indicated an enhanced tendency, with the frequency, intensity and amount of heavy precipitation increasing over time. Furthermore, altitude dependency of extreme precipitation does not exist in QTP, with topography effects on changes in precipitation extremes being more obvious in the higher elevation, flat, and hill stations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Precipitation Extremes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China: Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Topography Effects

Shi

Yang

et al. 2017

Atmosphere

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“…It results from the seasonal migration of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) around the equator, which originates a single short wet season from July to October, and a long dry season from November to June [11,12]. The climate is predominantly semiarid.…”

Section: Cape Verde Natural Resource Endowmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rainfall is strongly influenced by elevation, with highest erosivity values at high elevations, coinciding with steep slopes and shallow soils, which make these areas susceptible to erosion [12]. Despite the natural fertility of the soils due to their volcanic nature, intensive cultivation without replenishment of soil nutrients has resulted in the decline of fertility in the dryland soils.…”

Section: Drivers Of Land Degradation and Desertificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil and Water Conservation Strategies in Cape Verde (Cabo Verde in Portuguese) and Their Impacts on Livelihoods: An Overview from the Ribeira Seca Watershed

Baptista¹,

Fleskens

Ritsema

et al. 2015

Land

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Abstract:Severe land degradation has strongly affected both people's livelihood and the environment in Cape Verde (Cabo Verde in Portuguese), a natural resource poor country. Despite the enormous investment in soil and water conservation measures (SWC or SLM), which are visible throughout the landscape, and the recognition of their benefits, their biophysical and socioeconomic impacts have been poorly assessed and scientifically documented. This paper contributes to filling this gap, by bringing together insights from literature and policy review, field survey and participatory assessment in the Ribeira Seca Watershed through a concerted approach devised by the DESIRE project (the "Desire OPEN ACCESSLand 2015, 4 23 approach"). Specifically, we analyze government strategies towards building resilience against the harsh conditions, analyze the state of land degradation and its drivers, survey and map the existing SWC measures, and assess their effectiveness against land degradation, on crop yield and people's livelihood. We infer that the relative success of Cape Verde in tackling desertification and rural poverty owes to an integrated governance strategy that comprises raising awareness, institutional framework development, financial resource allocation, capacity building, and active participation of rural communities. We recommend that specific, scientific-based monitoring and assessment studies be carried out on the biophysical and socioeconomic impact of SLM and that the "Desire approach" be scaled-up to other watersheds in the country.

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“…In addition, it is worth testing the validity of the suggested geospatial predictors (e.g., NDVI and elevation) because of certain contradictions in the literature: for instance, one analysis shows there is no clear relationship between precipitation and elevation in the Pangani Basin in Tanzania [39], while another finds a clear relationship between them in the Qaidam Basin in China [34]. Moreover, a number of geospatial predictors are still not explicitly examined in current research, and such predictors include geo-locations and topography (slope and aspect) that are associated with solar radiation and moisture conditions, in turn, granting significant impacts on precipitation [40][41][42]. The analysis of the importance of predictors would be useful to investigate the potential of geospatial predictors with regard to downscaling precipitation over complex terrain and climate zones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Annual Precipitation across Mainland China in the Period 2001–2010 from TRMM3B43 Product Using Spatial Downscaling Approach

et al. 2015

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Spatially explicit precipitation data is often responsible for the prediction accuracy of hydrological and ecological models. Several statistical downscaling approaches have been developed to map precipitation at a high spatial resolution, which are mainly based on the valid conjugations between satellite-driven precipitation data and geospatial predictors. Performance of the existing approaches should be first evaluated before applying them to larger spatial extents with a complex terrain across different climate zones. In this paper, we investigate the statistical downscaling algorithms to derive the high spatial resolution maps of precipitation over continental China using satellite datasets, including the Normalized Distribution Vegetation Index (NDVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), and the rainfall product from the Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission (TRMM). We compare three statistical techniques (multiple linear regression, exponential regression, and Random Forest regression trees) for modeling precipitation to better understand how the selected model types affect the prediction accuracy. Then, those models are implemented to downscale the original TRMM product (3B43; 0.25° resolution) onto the finer grids (1 × 1 km 2 ) of precipitation. Finally we validate the downscaled annual precipitation (a wet year 2001 and a dry year 2010) against the ground rainfall observations from 596 rain gauge stations over continental China. The result indicates that the downscaling algorithm based on the Random Forest regression outperforms, when compared to the linear regression and the exponential regression. It also shows that the addition of the residual terms does not significantly improve the accuracy of results for the RF model. The analysis of the variable importance reveals the NDVI related predictors, latitude, and longitude, elevation are key elements for statistical downscaling, and their weights vary across different climate zones. In particular, the NDVI, which is generally considered as a powerful geospatial predictor for precipitation, correlates weakly with precipitation in humid regions.

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Influence of topography on rainfall variability in Santiago Island, Cape Verde

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Analysis of Precipitation Extremes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China: Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Topography Effects

Analysis of Precipitation Extremes in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China: Spatio-Temporal Characteristics and Topography Effects

Soil and Water Conservation Strategies in Cape Verde (Cabo Verde in Portuguese) and Their Impacts on Livelihoods: An Overview from the Ribeira Seca Watershed

Mapping Annual Precipitation across Mainland China in the Period 2001–2010 from TRMM3B43 Product Using Spatial Downscaling Approach

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