Influence of toxic metal exposure on the gut microbiota (Review)

Giambò, Federica; Italia, Sebastiano; Teodoro, Michele; Briguglio, Giusi; Furnari, Nicola; Catanoso, Rosaria; Costa, Chiara; Fenga, Concettina

doi:10.3892/wasj.2021.90

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 106 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…Noteworthy are occupational exposures to pesticides, used for the control of pests, which could affect human GM ( 54 ). Heavy metals (HMs) including cadmium, lead, arsenic, and other metals can contaminate soils and reach the human GM through the food chain ( 55 ). Exposures to environmental toxicants have been studied primarily for long-term systemic health effects on respiratory disease and cognition, among others, but there is growing evidence that these components also affect the GM.…”

Section: Bidirectional Interaction Between Environmental Chemicals An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role-Playing Between Environmental Pollutants and Human Gut Microbiota: A Complex Bidirectional Interaction

et al. 2022

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There is a growing interest in the characterization of the involvement of toxicant and pollutant exposures in the development and the progression of several diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, as well as in the disruption of the immune and reproductive homeostasis. The gut microbiota is considered a pivotal player against the toxic properties of chemicals with the establishment of a dynamic bidirectional relationship, underlining the toxicological significance of this mutual interplay. In fact, several environmental chemicals have been demonstrated to affect the composition, the biodiversity of the intestinal microbiota together with the underlining modulated metabolic pathways, which may play an important role in tailoring the microbiotype of an individual. In this review, we aimed to discuss the latest updates concerning the environmental chemicals–microbiota dual interaction, toward the identification of a distinctiveness of the gut microbial community, which, in turn, may allow to adopt personalized preventive strategies to improve risk assessment for more susceptible workers.

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Section: Bidirectional Interaction Between Environmental Chemicals An...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role-Playing Between Environmental Pollutants and Human Gut Microbiota: A Complex Bidirectional Interaction

et al. 2022

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“…Once metals enter the GI system, the gut microbiome potentially mediates metal toxicity through biochemical reactions of oxidation or reduction. However, heavy metals promote oxidative stress and disrupt healthy microbiomes in humans, thereby inciting dysbiosis [ 113 , 192 ]. When protective commensal microbial communities enter a state of dysbiosis, there is an increase in the toxic effects of heavy metals [ 26 ] and long-term oxidative stress insults, which are in turn associated with neurobehavioral and neurological pathologies [ 193 ].…”

Section: Heavy Metals and The Gut–brain Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human GI tract contains a diversity of metabolites produced by the microbiota. These microbiota metabolites mediate gut–brain communication by transiting to the CNS, thereby modulating oxidative stress and promoting microglia activation [ 192 , 295 ]. Oxidative stress disrupts gut and BBB barriers, leading to α-synuclein misfolding, aggregation, and subsequent neuronal damage in both ENS and CNS [ 183 ].…”

Section: Heavy Metals and The Gut–brain Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson’s Disease and the Metal–Microbiome–Gut–Brain Axis: A Systems Toxicology Approach

et al. 2021

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Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, leading to motor and non-motor complications. Autonomic alterations, including gastrointestinal symptoms, precede motor defects and act as early warning signs. Chronic exposure to dietary, environmental heavy metals impacts the gastrointestinal system and host-associated microbiome, eventually affecting the central nervous system. The correlation between dysbiosis and PD suggests a functional and bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. The bioaccumulation of metals promotes stress mechanisms by increasing reactive oxygen species, likely altering the bidirectional gut–brain link. To better understand the differing molecular mechanisms underlying PD, integrative modeling approaches are necessary to connect multifactorial perturbations in this heterogeneous disorder. By exploring the effects of gut microbiota modulation on dietary heavy metal exposure in relation to PD onset, the modification of the host-associated microbiome to mitigate neurological stress may be a future treatment option against neurodegeneration through bioremediation. The progressive movement towards a systems toxicology framework for precision medicine can uncover molecular mechanisms underlying PD onset such as metal regulation and microbial community interactions by developing predictive models to better understand PD etiology to identify options for novel treatments and beyond. Several methodologies recently addressed the complexity of this interaction from different perspectives; however, to date, a comprehensive review of these approaches is still lacking. Therefore, our main aim through this manuscript is to fill this gap in the scientific literature by reviewing recently published papers to address the surrounding questions regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms between metals, microbiota, and the gut–brain-axis, as well as the regulation of this system to prevent neurodegeneration.

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“…Another study demonstrated that toxic metals could promote metabolic disorders, such as harmful effects on the gut microbiota and the development of diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic diseases and cancer (52). P. pashia fruit also contains toxic metals such as cadmium, zinc, nickel, lead and mercury, although within the recommended limits (53).…”

Section: Anti-inflammatory and Antiproliferative Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional uses, nutrition, phytochemistry and various pharmacological properties of Indian wild pear (Review)

2021

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The consumption of wild edible fruits for nutritional and medicinal benefits has been known for a long time. These naturally occurring fruit plants can thrive well under adverse climatic conditions and are being harvested and marketed locally. Pyrus pashia (P. pashia; Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don; family, Rosaceae), commonly known as 'wild edible or Himalayan pear' is one of such underutilized trees. It is widely distributed in temperate regions up to an altitude of 2,000 m in Western Himalaya. It has broad applications in traditional therapeutics for the treatment of diseases, such as eye infections, sore throat, diarrhea, stomach disorders and other infectious diseases. Chlorogenic acid, flavan-3-ols, gallic acid, tannins, alkaloids, hydroquinone, terpenoids and its isomers have been isolated and identified from the leaf, fruit, flower and bark portion of P. pashia. The phytochemicals present in the P. pashia tree may be responsible for the traditional beneficial health effects of the plant. Numerous scientific studies on P. pashia have validated the general uses of the plant by the native population; however, the data on its pharmacological properties and the mechanisms involved are insufficient. The present review aimed to provide a critical evaluation of the distribution, traditional uses, phytochemicals present, pharmacological activities and nutritional value of different plant parts of P. pashia. Detailed research is required on individual phytochemicals present and toxicological studies at the gene level. In-depth molecular studies may also confirm the various pharmaceutical claims for the development of novel pharmaceutical drugs and functional food products. Contents1. Introduction 2. Habitat and morphology 3. Traditional uses of various parts of P. pashia 4. Nutritive value 5. Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties 6. conclusion and future perspectives

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Influence of toxic metal exposure on the gut microbiota (Review)

Cited by 23 publications

References 106 publications

Role-Playing Between Environmental Pollutants and Human Gut Microbiota: A Complex Bidirectional Interaction

Role-Playing Between Environmental Pollutants and Human Gut Microbiota: A Complex Bidirectional Interaction

Parkinson’s Disease and the Metal–Microbiome–Gut–Brain Axis: A Systems Toxicology Approach

Traditional uses, nutrition, phytochemistry and various pharmacological properties of Indian wild pear (Review)

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