Influence of trace metals on growth and toxin production of Microcystis aeruginosa

Lukač, Maja; Aegerter, Rita

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(93)90147-b

Cited by 151 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Given that secondary metabolites are produced by diverse cyanobacteria encompassing varied ecological niches, it is plausible that microcystin synthesis is associated with and/or regulated by environmental factors affecting cell metabolism, growth, and ultimately, abundance . Reports that state microcystin production and/ or cell quota are influenced by select abiotic parameters, including temperature, irradiance, macro/micronutrients, and pH (van der Westhuizen and Eloff 1985;Lukac and Aegerter 1993;Song et al 1998;Downing et al 2005), support this premise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Late-summer phytoplankton in western Lake Erie (Laurentian Great Lakes): bloom distributions, toxicity, and environmental influences

et al. 2009

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Phytoplankton abundance and composition and the cyanotoxin, microcystin, were examined relative to environmental parameters in western Lake Erie during late-summer (2003)(2004)(2005). Spatially explicit distributions of phytoplankton occurred on an annual basis, with the greatest chlorophyll (Chl) a concentrations occurring in waters impacted by Maumee River inflows and in Sandusky Bay. Chlorophytes, bacillariophytes, and cyanobacteria contributed the majority of phylogenetic-group Chl a basin-wide in 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively. Water clarity, pH, and specific conductance delineated patterns of group Chl a, signifying that water mass movements and mixing were primary determinants of phytoplankton accumulations and distributions. Water temperature, irradiance, and phosphorus availability delineated patterns of cyanobacterial biovolumes, suggesting that biotic processes (most likely, resource-based competition) controlled cyanobacterial abundance and composition. Intracellular microcystin concentrations corresponded to Microcystis abundance and environmental parameters indicative of conditions coincident with biomass accumulations. It appears that environmental parameters regulate microcystin indirectly, via control of cyanobacterial abundance and distribution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Late-summer phytoplankton in western Lake Erie (Laurentian Great Lakes): bloom distributions, toxicity, and environmental influences

et al. 2009

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“…Microcystin production, to a certain extent, seems to be regulated by several environmental factors (Watanabe and Oishi, 1985;van der Westhuizen and Eloff, 1985). These peptides, in turn, have been implicated for their role in light regulation and iron transport in cyanobacteria (Lukac and Aegerter, 1993;Sheen, 1993). A decreased cell diameter in the microcystin-deficient clones points to an involvement of this secondary metabolite in primary cellular processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insertional mutagenesis of a peptide synthetase gene that is responsible for hepatotoxin production in the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806

Dittmann

Neilan

Erhard³

et al. 1997

Molecular Microbiology

370

326

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SummarySeveral bloom-forming cyanobacterial genera produce potent inhibitors of eukaryotic protein phosphatases called microcystins. Microcystins are hepatotoxic cyclic heptapeptides and are presumed to be synthesized non-ribosomally by peptide synthetases. We identified putative peptide synthetase genes in the microcystin-producing strain Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806. Non-hepatotoxic strains of M. aeruginosa lack these genes. Strain PCC 7806 was transformed to chloramphenicol resistance. The antibiotic resistance cassette insertionally inactivated a peptide synthetase gene of strain PCC 7806 as revealed by Southern hybridization and DNA amplification. This is the first report of genetic transformation and mutation, by homologous recombination, of a bloomforming cyanobacterium. Chemical and enzymatic analyses, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry, amino acid activation, and protein phosphatase inhibition, revealed the inability of derived mutant cells to produce any variant of microcystin while maintaining their ability to synthesize other small peptides. The disrupted gene therefore encodes a peptide synthetase (microcystin synthetase) that is specifically involved in the biosynthesis of microcystins. Our results confirm that microcystins are synthesized non-ribosomally and that a basic difference between toxic and nontoxic strains of M. aeruginosa is the presence of one or more genes coding for microcystin synthetases.

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“…Several field studies have shown that certain environmental factors are associated with the amount of toxins found in cyanobacterial blooms (Wicks and Thiel, 1990;Zheng et al, 2004). A wide range of laboratory studies also have examined the effects of various environmental factors on microcystin production, including trace metal supply (Lukac and Aegerter, 1993;Utkilen and Gjølme, 1995), nitrogen and phosphorus (Sivonen, 1990), light and temperature (van der Westhuizen and Eloff, 1985), pH (de Maagd et al, 1999), culture medium (Song et al, 1998), water column stability (Huisman et al, 1999) and grazing pressure by zooplankton (Paerl, 1996;Hyenstrand et al, 1998). However, there are still many controversial issues from both field and laboratory studies on the mechanisms of microcystin production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nonylphenol on the growth and microcystin production of Microcystis strains

Wang

Xie

Guo

2007

Environmental Research

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Influence of trace metals on growth and toxin production of Microcystis aeruginosa

Cited by 151 publications

References 26 publications

Late-summer phytoplankton in western Lake Erie (Laurentian Great Lakes): bloom distributions, toxicity, and environmental influences

Late-summer phytoplankton in western Lake Erie (Laurentian Great Lakes): bloom distributions, toxicity, and environmental influences

Insertional mutagenesis of a peptide synthetase gene that is responsible for hepatotoxin production in the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806

Effects of nonylphenol on the growth and microcystin production of Microcystis strains

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