Influence of transverse magnetic field on the properties of laser ablation produced nickel oxide nanoparticles

Abstract

Influence of transverse magnetic field on the nickel produced plasma plume and structural and optical properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation (PLA) method have been investigated experimentally. Ablation container was placed between the poles of permanent magnets. Strength of external magnetic field was controlled by the distance between magnets. The direction of the magnetic field was perpendicular to the direction of laser pulse propagation. 5 samples were synthesized in the presence of magnetic fields with different strengths in distilled water. Ablation was carried out by 1064 nm wavelength beam of pulsed Nd:YAG laser of 7 ns pulse width. Effects of external magnetic field on the properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns, field emission scanning electron microscope images, transmission electron microscope microimages, UV–Vis-NIR absorption spectra, dynamic light scattering patterns, FTIR and photoluminescence spectra. Furthermore, magnetic properties of synthesized nanoparticles were studied using their hysteresis curve which were recorded by vibrating sample magnetometer. Results show that with increasing the strength of external magnetic field, the intensity of XRD peaks of synthesized nanoparticles was increased while their size was decreased. Applying the external magnetic field caused the cyclotron motion of the charged particles in the plasma plume on the surface of target which increased their energy, and decreased their agglomeration.

Mixed magnetic behavior in gadolinium and ruthenium co-doped nickel oxide nanoparticles

“…The FTIR spectra, plotted in figure 9, show four different absorption bands. The bands ranging between 3700-2900 cm −1 and 1750-1500 cm −1 are attributed to the stretching ( ) n -O H and bending ( ) d --H O H vibrations of water molecules [9,51]. The presence of these bands is allocated to the tendency of the nanoparticles to physically absorb the atmospheric moisture [24].…”

“…Among the oxide-based DMS, NiO nanoparticles are of great interest due to their viability for suiting several applications such as anode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries [3], supercapacitors [4], photocatalysis [5], and gas sensors [6,7]. NiO is an antiferromagnetic (AFM) oxide with Neel transition temperature (T N ~523 K) above the room temperature [8,9]. In the nano regime, the magnetic properties of NiO are tuned by varying the size, as it shows superparamagnetic behavior for particles with sizes less than 31.5 nm, ferromagnetic behavior for particles with sizes less than 24 nm, and spin glass behavior with sizes less than 10 nm [10,11].…”

Influence of Laser Process Parameters, Liquid Medium, and External Field on the Synthesis of Colloidal Metal Nanoparticles Using Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid: A Review

“…Studies have shown that the introduction of a magnetic field enhanced the ablation rate and optical properties of NPs. Safa et al [169] experimentally investigated the effects of varying the transverse magnetic field on NiO NPs. The strength of the magnetic field is controlled by varying the distance between the magnets.…”

Dynamical analysis and microcontroller implementation of fractal resistive-capacitive shunted Josephson junction

“…Regarding fractal integration, the investigation of unpredicted matrix theory, with special consideration on energy level spectrum and fractal characteristics was exploited by Sani and Behnia [47], and complex association of inductivity from length as the overall contribution of both the 2D and 3D fractal behaviors of respectively the coplanar microwave transmission lines and the W is provided by not only fractal features of CTL twodimensional surface but fractal features of three-dimensional Au grain distribution over skin depth wide was investigated by Torkhov et al [48]. Also, the JJ was observed in different contributions including the investigation of the dynamics exhibited by coupling two JJ to micro-beam [49], evaluations of the dynamics of the long 0-π JJwith applications to digital single flux quantum circuits [50], the comparison of the theoretical evaluation of quantum optical micro maser and JJ-photonics systems [51], the observations ofchaos, transient chaos, the coexistence of solutions, coexistence of attractors, and bursting oscillation just to cite some were observed in the findings of [52], the investigation of the magnetic characteristics of artificial nanoparticles via their hysteresis curves for vibrating sample magnetometerwas carried out by [53], the detail investigation of the hysteresis characteristics of the thermodynamic and magnetocaloric behaviors of a three-layer graphene-like schematic [54], and finally the investigation of the JJ with high critical-temperaturesuperconductors [55].…”