Influence of treatment with abiraterone and enzalutamide on development of sarcopenia in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer

Fischer, Sean; Clements, Suzanne; Green, A.; McWilliam, A.; Descamps, Tine; Oing, Christoph; Gillessen, Silke

doi:10.1016/s2666-1683(20)33167-0

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“…Newer oral therapies in prostate cancer targeting the androgen axis such as abiraterone, a cytochrome P450 17A (CYP17A) inhibitor, and enzalutamide, an androgen receptor antagonist, have improved overall survival for men with mCRPC [ 11 , 12 ]. However, the addition of these agents to ADT is further associated with negative effects on body composition such as skeletal muscle loss and body fat increases, which may contribute to the increased risk of CVD in these patients [ 8 , 13 – 15 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Reversing the effects of androgen‐deprivation therapy in men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer

et al. 2021

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To investigate whether bipolar androgen therapy (BAT), involving rapid cyclic administration of high-dose testosterone, as a novel treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) promotes improvements in body composition and associated improvements in lipid profiles and quality of life. Patients and MethodsMen from two completed trials with computed tomography imaging at baseline and after three cycles of BAT were included. Cross-sectional areas of psoas muscle, visceral and subcutaneous fat were measured at the L3 vertebral level. Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy -Fatigue questionnaire and 36-item short-form health survey were used to assess quality of life. ResultsThe 60 included patients lost a mean (SD) of 7.8 (8.2)% of subcutaneous fat, 9.8 (18.2)% of visceral fat, and gained 12.2 (6.7)% muscle mass. Changes in subcutaneous and visceral fat were positively correlated with each other (Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.35-0.71) independent of the effects of age, body mass index, and duration of androgen-deprivation therapy. Energy, physical function, and measures of limitations due to physical health were all significantly improved at 3 months. The improvements in body composition were not correlated with decreases in lipid levels or observed improvements in quality of life. ConclusionsIn the present study, BAT was associated with significant improvements in body composition, lipid parameters, and quality of life. This has promising implications for the long-term health of men with mCRPC.

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