Influence of Tropical Weather and Northeasterly Air Mass on Carbonaceous Aerosol in the Southern Malay Peninsula

Suradi, Hamidah; Khan, Firoz; Alias, Nor F.; Shah, Syazwani Mustapa Kama; Yusoff, Sumiani; Fujii, Yusuke; Othman, Murnira; Latif, Mohd Talib

doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.0c00319

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…During the northeast monsoon, Fujii et al [64] reported that OC and EC during 2011-2012 in Petaling Jaya, were 5.2 and 3.4 µg/m 3 , respectively. OC and EC were 2.90 and 1.56 µg/m 3 , respectively, during the north-easterly monsoon in 2019 from the urban sites in southern Malaysia [65]. Comparing the OC and EC data reported previously in other cities in Malaysia, the levels of OC and EC were relatively high during the north-easterly monsoon.…”

Section: Oc Ec and Socmentioning

confidence: 47%

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Ambient Levels, Emission Sources and Health Effect of PM2.5-Bound Carbonaceous Particles and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the City of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

et al. 2021

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With increasing interest in understanding the contribution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) to particulate air pollution in urban areas, an exploratory study was carried out to determine levels of carbonaceous aerosols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. PM2.5 samples were collected using a high-volume sampler for 24 h in several areas in Kuala Lumpur during the north-easterly monsoon from January to March 2019. Samples were analyzed for water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC). Secondary organic carbon (SOC) in PM2.5 was estimated. Particle-bound PAHs were analyzed using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Average concentrations of WSOC, OC, and EC were 2.73 ± 2.17 (range of 0.63–9.12) µg/m3, 6.88 ± 4.94 (3.12–24.1) µg/m3, and 3.68 ± 1.58 (1.33–6.82) µg/m3, respectively, with estimated average SOC of 2.33 µg/m3, contributing 34% to total OC. The dominance of char-EC over soot-EC suggests that PM2.5 is influenced by biomass and coal combustion sources. The average of total PAHs was 1.74 ± 2.68 ng/m3. Source identification methods revealed natural gas and biomass burning, and urban traffic combustion as dominant sources of PAHs in Kuala Lumpur. A deterministic health risk assessment of PAHs was conducted for several age groups, including infant, toddler, children, adolescent, and adult. Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of PAH species were well below the acceptable levels recommended by the USEPA. Backward trajectory analysis revealed north-east air mass brought pollutants to the studied areas, suggesting the north-easterly monsoon as a major contributor to increased air pollution in Kuala Lumpur. Further work is needed using long-term monitoring data to understand the origin of PAHs contributing to SOA formation and to apply source-risk apportionment to better elucidate the potential risk factors posed by the various sources in urban areas in Kuala Lumpur.

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Section: Oc Ec and Socmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…The results from this study show that char-EC is about 12 times greater than soot-EC. Soot-EC potentially emits from vehicle combustion and forest fires while char-EC is released from biomass and coal burning sources [65]. Thus, the PM 2.5 is influenced by biomass and coal combustion sources.…”

Section: Oc Ec and Socmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Levels, Emission Sources and Health Effect of PM2.5-Bound Carbonaceous Particles and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the City of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

et al. 2021

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“…In addition, an activity that can increase the average carbon monoxide concentration of 23-46 mg/m 3 for 8 hours, such as smoking, emits smoke in vehicles, homes, offices, and restaurants (Whitworth, 2020). Wind conditions greatly affect the spread of pollutants in the air and horizontal transportation (Suradi et al, 2021). The impact of wind generated by industrial emission sources in urban and transportation areas and natural conditions, such as fires are significant for spreading air pollutants (Fan et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Distribution of Air Pollutants (Carbon Monoxide) during the Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Surabaya, and Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Suhardono¹,

Septiariva²,

Rachmawati³

et al. 2023

J. Ecol. Eng.

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The condition of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 characterizing DKI Jakarta, Surabaya, and Yogyakarta Provinces which have a high population density in 2019, necessitates implementing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) to control or break the chain of the spread of COVID-19. The LSSR policy that limits community activities, be it business activities, transportation, and the industrial sector, will impact social activities and the environment due to the reduced intensity of community activities. Therefore, this study aimed to determine changes in the carbon monoxide (CO) levels in Jakarta, Surabaya and Yogyakarta during the prepandemic and during the pandemic. The method used is the tropospheric CO concentration extracted from the Sentinel-5P satellite data. The CO data were retrieved and calculated using Google Earth Engine. The COVID-19 pandemic reduced CO level by 19.7%, 14.9%, and 21%, respectively. The paired t-test shows no significant difference from before the COVID-19 pandemic, with a significance of 0.05. The highest pre-pandemic average and total CO concentration levels were 0.042 and 1.0198 mol/m 2 in Yogyakarta, respectively, whereas the lowest during the pandemic were 0.02845 and 0.6828 mol/m 2 in Surabaya. Overall, the three cities have a weak relationship between CO level and precipitation as well as temperatures and CO level.

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“…Variation in CO concentration is determined by not only emission reductions but also meteorological (METRO) conditions . For instance, wind condition greatly affects horizontal transport and dispersion of air pollutants. , The wind impacts are particularly important for the dispersion of air pollutants produced by industrial emission sources in urban areas and the transport of smoke released by natural sources (e.g., wildfire). , Significant wind impacts on the pollutant transport were even found in the Arctic region . Because the CO is less affected by wet scavenging, it has been frequently used as a tracer of other air pollutants to identify the transport efficiency .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 For instance, wind condition greatly affects horizontal transport and dispersion of air pollutants. 8,9 The wind impacts are particularly important for the dispersion of air pollutants produced by industrial emission sources in urban areas and the transport of smoke released by natural sources (e.g., wildfire). 10,11 Significant wind impacts on the pollutant transport were even found in the Arctic region.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Disparity of Meteorological Impacts on Carbon Monoxide Pollution in China during the COVID-19 Lockdown Period

Lin

Tao

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Lockdown due to the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic offers a unique opportunity to study the factors governing the variation in air pollution. A number of studies have investigated the cause underlying the occurrence of heavy haze pollution around the world during the lockdown period. However, information about spatiotemporal variations in gaseous pollutants and detailed quantifications of potential meteorological (METRO) impacts are limited. Ground measurements show that carbon monoxide (CO) pollution deteriorated in northern China despite strict control of human and industrial activities during the lockdown period in early 2020. In this study, a four-dimensional decomposition model was used to quantitatively extract the METRO impacts on the CO pollution over China. The results show that weakened winds elevated CO concentrations near Beijing and in northeastern China. Increased temperatures slightly elevated CO concentrations in northern and eastern China but reduced CO concentrations in northwestern China. Remarkable amounts of CO increases in northern China (e.g., by 0.21 mg/m 3 within Beijing) were explained by anomalously high humidity, which could be associated with an enhanced interaction between aerosol and the boundary layer. After excluding the METRO impacts, the CO concentrations drastically declined across China (e.g., by 0.22 mg/m 3 within Beijing), indicating that the lockdown indeed greatly lessened CO concentrations. However, the adverse METRO conditions counteracted the beneficial outcomes of emission reductions, leading to a deterioration of the CO pollution in northern China. These results indicate that the METRO factors can play a critical role in worsening air pollution despite a strict control of anthropogenic emissions.

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Influence of Tropical Weather and Northeasterly Air Mass on Carbonaceous Aerosol in the Southern Malay Peninsula

Cited by 5 publications

References 90 publications

Ambient Levels, Emission Sources and Health Effect of PM2.5-Bound Carbonaceous Particles and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the City of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Ambient Levels, Emission Sources and Health Effect of PM2.5-Bound Carbonaceous Particles and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the City of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Changes in the Distribution of Air Pollutants (Carbon Monoxide) during the Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Surabaya, and Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Spatial Disparity of Meteorological Impacts on Carbon Monoxide Pollution in China during the COVID-19 Lockdown Period

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