Influence of Types of Tractor Running Gears on the Value of Hop Garden Row Spacing Compaction

Смирнов, Петр; Makushev, Andrey E.; Kazakov, Yuriy; Medvedev, V. I.; Vasilyev, A.; Andreev, Roman

doi:10.35633/inmateh_57_02

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…It is also known that the presence of a large number of hydrogen particles at the surface of the particle also inhibits the process of condensation of gasified carbon. Consequently, changes in the composition of the fuel, in particular the use of oxygenate fuel, significantly affects the process of formation and burning of soot particles [3].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of soot formation in a tractor diesel engine running on methanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil

Yurlov¹,

Лопатин²,

Лиханов³

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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When studying the process of formation of soot nuclei in a flame, it is necessary to pay attention to the sequence of chemical transformations of fuel molecules in order to determine the concentration of dangerous toxic components in the exhaust gases (EG) of a diesel internal combustion engine (DICE). Today, numerous studies are being conducted to establish a detailed kinetic mechanism of the process of carbon condensation and gasification in a DICE. Despite significant progress in understanding the essence and some regularities of the processes occurring in a DICE, it is not yet possible to compile a numerical model that can predict the main indicators of soot content. A semi-empirical mathematical model of soot formation and burnout in a DICE is presented, compiled on the basis of a kinetic model that reliably predicts the dynamics of soot content in the cylinder and the concentration of soot in the EG in a wide range of operating modes of a DICE. The model makes it possible to facilitate the process of studying the factors of soot formation and reduce the cost of conducting experimental studies related to the search for alternative fuels and improving the design of a DICE, optimizing the operation of fuel supply and gas distribution systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of soot formation in a tractor diesel engine running on methanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil

Yurlov¹,

Лопатин²,

Лиханов³

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Наилучшие условия для роста и развития корневой системы растений хмеля на серых лесных тяжелосуглинистых почвах создаются при плотности сложения пахотного слоя от 1,09 до 1,27 г/см. При проведении минимального количества обработок происходит уплотнение почвы и ее показатель возрастает до 1,34 г/см [16].…”

Section: таблица 1 -удельный вес почвы по вариантам обработки междуряunclassified

The effect ofslotting between rowson hop yield and on thegeneral physical characteristics of the soil

Леонтьева

Дементьев

Fadeev

2020

Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока

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In the conditions of the Chuvash Republic, the effect of slottingbetween rowson hop yield and on the water-physical properties of gray forest soil was studied. Soil slotting was used during 2017-2019 in autumn after the completion of harvesting operations (late September-early October) on hop plantations of the Podvyazny variety. Tillage with a SCHX-1.6slotting device (Czech Republic) was carried out to the depth of 50 and 65 cm at different time intervals (annually and three years later). As the control, there was taken the conventional tillage without the use of aparaplow combined with autumn tillage of row spacing to a depth of 20 cm. Studies have shown that the use of aparaplow to a depth of 50 and 65 cm improved the aeration and water permeability of the soil (the specific weight of the 20-25 cm soil layer decreased by 0.1-0.2 g/cm3, the volume weight of the same layer-by 0.1-0.3 g/cm3) and contributed to an increase in hop yield by 1.4-3.1centners per hectare (LSD05 =1.3 centners/ha) compared to the conventional tillage of row spacing (20.9 centners/ha). The content of alpha-acids in hop cones was not affected by slotting between the rows of hops. The specific weight of the 50-55 cm soil layer significantly decreased in all variants in comparison with the control. The highest moisture content of the deep layers of the soil (30-55 cm) was achieved with conventional tillage combined with annual autumn slotting to 50 cm depth. All the studied variants in comparison with the control give a significant increase in the yield of hop cones. For the production, the variant with the lowest costs for deep tillage should be recommended. It is the annual processing of the top soil layer combined with the autumn slotting every 3 years to 50 cm depth.

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“…It is known that with the convective method of drying freshly harvested hop cones, with a humidity of 76-82%, about 40 components of bitter resins and 224 compounds of essential oils and other valuable substances are transformed into less valuable. This means that firstclass hops after drying are classified as second grade, besides, energy costs per unit of production remain high [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and justification of parameters of a microwave convective hop dryer

Novikova,

Mikhailova,

Prosviryakova

et al. 2023

E3S Web Conf.

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To solve the problem of low energy efficiency and the absence of small-sized hop dryers, a microwave convective continuous-flow hop dryer has been developed with reasonable parameters that allow preserving the consumer properties of hops. The scientific innovative idea of implementing the technology of drying hops in the working chamber of a microwave hop dryer, made in the form of tiered rotors located between stationary nonferromagnetic bases, forming coaxial resonators in which a traveling wave from microwave generators is excited, is considered. The rotors are made in the form of perforated non-ferromagnetic outer and inner shells, where ceramic perforated partitions are rigidly installed in the annular space, allowing to concentrate radiation energy in raw materials and reduce radiation losses. Having calculated the dimensions of the coaxial resonator, having created its three-dimensional model in the Compass 20 program, we imported it into the CST Microwave Studio program to substantiate the electrodynamic parameters. A hop dryer with a capacity of 5 kW microwave generators with spiral decelerating systems will ensure uniform drying of hops in compliance with electromagnetic safety, with a capacity of 100 kg/h when the rotor is located without microwave energy sources between two coaxial resonators to comply with a process duty cycle of 0.5.

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Influence of Types of Tractor Running Gears on the Value of Hop Garden Row Spacing Compaction

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Modeling of soot formation in a tractor diesel engine running on methanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil

Modeling of soot formation in a tractor diesel engine running on methanol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil

The effect ofslotting between rowson hop yield and on thegeneral physical characteristics of the soil

Development and justification of parameters of a microwave convective hop dryer

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