Influence of uterine bacterial contamination after parturition on ovarian dominant follicle selection and follicle growth and function in cattle

Sheldon, I.

doi:10.1530/reprod/123.6.837

Cited by 69 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Bacteria are classed as 'recognised uterine pathogens' associated with uterine endometrial lesions; 'potential pathogens' frequently isolated from the bovine uterine lumen and cases of endometritis, but not commonly associated with uterine lesions; and, 'opportunist contaminants' transiently isolated from the uterine lumen but not associated with endometritis (Sheldon et al, 2002;Williams et al, 2005). The recognised uterine pathogens are E. coli, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Prevotella melaninogenica and Proteus species, and these bacteria are associated with greater endometrial inflammation and more severe signs of clinical uterine disease (Farin et al, 1989;Bonnett et al, 1991;Sheldon et al, 2002;Williams et al, 2005). We have recently shown that potential uterine pathogens or opportunistic contaminant bacteria in the uterine lumen do not have this same relationship (Williams et al, 2005).…”

Section: Post Partum Uterine Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Uterine bacterial infection or bacterial products suppress pituitary luteinising hormone (LH) secretion, and are associated with inhibition of folliculogenesis, decreased ovarian steroidogenesis and abnormal luteal phases (Peter et al, 1989;Huszenicza et al, 1999;Opsomer et al, 2000;Mateus et al, 2002 and2003;Sheldon et al, 2002;Williams et al, 2007). In the field, infections are associated with changes in luteal phase length and more cystic ovarian disease (Peter et al, 1989;Opsomer et al, 2000); and the first post partum ovarian follicle is smaller and produces less oestradiol in animals with higher numbers of bacteria in the post partum uterus (Sheldon et al, 2002).…”

Section: Effects Of E Coli In the Whole Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field, infections are associated with changes in luteal phase length and more cystic ovarian disease (Peter et al, 1989;Opsomer et al, 2000); and the first post partum ovarian follicle is smaller and produces less oestradiol in animals with higher numbers of bacteria in the post partum uterus (Sheldon et al, 2002). More recently, we have shown that animals with high numbers of the recognised uterine pathogens including E. coli have retarded ovarian follicle growth, lower peripheral plasma concentrations of oestradiol and an inability to form a competent corpus luteum (CL) ( Table 1; Williams et al, 2007).…”

Section: Effects Of E Coli In the Whole Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the cervix dilates to allow passage of the calf at parturition, the anatomical barrier to bacterial contamination is breached, allowing micro organisms from the cow's skin, faeces and surrounding environment to enter the uterus (Sheldon and Dobson, 1999). In one study, 93% of uteri obtained within 2 weeks of calving were contaminated with bacteria and others have shown the presence of bacteria in more than 60% of animals 3 weeks after parturition (Elliott et al, 1968;Griffin et al, 1974;Sheldon et al, 2002). Many cows spontaneously eliminate this contamination; however, at least 20% of cows fail to clear the bacteria and in 10% to 15% of animals infection persists within the uterus, causing endometritis (Griffin et al, 1974;Borsberry and Dobson, 1989;Dhaliwal et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dairy cattle are remarkable amongst domestic animals as bacterial contamination of the uterine lumen is ubiquitous after parturition (Elliott et al, 1968;Griffin et al, 1974;Sheldon et al, 2002). As the cervix dilates to allow passage of the calf at parturition, the anatomical barrier to bacterial contamination is breached, allowing micro organisms from the cow's skin, faeces and surrounding environment to enter the uterus (Sheldon and Dobson, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Escherichia coli infection of the bovine uterus from the whole animal to the cell

Williams

Herath

England

et al. 2008

Animal

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Following parturition, contamination of the uterine lumen by bacteria is ubiquitous, and uterine health is impaired in cattle because infection persists in 10% to 15% of animals as endometritis. Endometritis causes infertility for the duration of infection, and subfertility persists even after apparent successful resolution of the disease. Escherichia coli is the pathogenic bacterium most frequently isolated from the post partum uterus, and is associated with increased concentrations of peripheral plasma acute phase proteins and fetid vaginal mucus. The presence of E. coli is also associated with slower growth of the first post partum dominant follicle and perturbed oestradiol secretion. Furthermore, in animals that ovulate the first dominant follicle, the corpus luteum is smaller and secretes less progesterone. The endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is released from E.coli, can pass from the uterine lumen to the peripheral circulation and LPS concentrations are increased in cows with uterine infection. Infusion of E. coli LPS into the uterine lumen suppresses the pre-ovulatory luteinising hormone surge and disrupts ovulation in heifers. In vitro, endometrial explants produce prostaglandins in response to LPS. Addition of LPS or E. coli to stromal or epithelial cells increases cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression, and stimulates the production of prostaglandin E 2 and prostaglandin F 2a . Furthermore, uterine and ovarian cells express mRNA of the molecules required for recognition of LPS, Toll-like receptor-4 and CD14. In summary, E. coli is a common cause of infertility involving the perturbation of the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary in dairy cows.

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Section: Post Partum Uterine Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of E Coli In the Whole Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of E Coli In the Whole Animalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Escherichia coli infection of the bovine uterus from the whole animal to the cell

Williams

Herath

England

et al. 2008

Animal

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Reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT‐LAMP), a light for mammalian transcript analysis in low‐input laboratories

Pandey

Singh

Onteru

2018

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Transcript analysis is usually performed by costly, time-consuming, and expertise intensive methods, like real time-PCR, microarray, etc. However, they are not much feasible in low-input laboratories. Therefore, we implemented the reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) as a means of mammalian transcript analysis. Particularly, RT-LAMP was developed for buffalo aromatase cytochrome P450 (CYP19) transcript, to study its expression in 3D-cultured buffalo granulosa cells, which were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The CYP19-RT-LAMP assay rapidly identified the LPS-induced downregulation of the CYP19 gene within 30 min at 63°C in a water bath. The assay was visualized via unaided eye by observing the change in turbidity and fluorescence, which were decreased by increasing the LPS exposure time to granulosa cells. Overall, the developed CYP19-RT-LAMP assay provided a hope on the application of RT-LAMP for mammalian transcript analysis in low-input laboratories.

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Bacterial contamination hypothesis: a new concept in endometriosis

Khan

Fujishita

Hiraki

et al. 2018

Reprod Medicine & Biology

123

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BackgroundEndometriosis is a multifactorial disease that mainly affects women of reproductive age. The exact pathogenesis of this disease is still debatable. The role of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) in endometriosis were investigated and the possible source of endotoxin in the pelvic environment was examined.MethodsThe limulus amoebocyte lysate test was used to measure the endotoxin levels in the menstrual fluid and peritoneal fluid and their potential role in the growth of endometriosis was investigated. Menstrual blood and endometrial samples were cultured for the presence of microbes. The effect of gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment on intrauterine microbial colonization (IUMC) and the occurrence of endometritis was investigated.Main findings (Results)Lipopolysaccharide regulates the pro‐inflammatory response in the pelvis and growth of endometriosis via the LPS/TLR4 cascade. The menstrual blood was highly contaminated with Escherichea coli and the endometrial samples were colonized with other microbes. A cross‐talk between inflammation and ovarian steroids or the stress reaction also was observed in the pelvis. Treatment with GnRHa further worsens intrauterine microbial colonization, with the consequent occurrence of endometritis in women with endometriosis.ConclusionFor the first time, a new concept called the “bacterial contamination hypothesis” is proposed in endometriosis. This study's findings of IUMC in women with endometriosis could hold new therapeutic potential in addition to the conventional estrogen‐suppressing agent.

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Influence of uterine bacterial contamination after parturition on ovarian dominant follicle selection and follicle growth and function in cattle

Cited by 69 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of Escherichia coli infection of the bovine uterus from the whole animal to the cell

Effect of Escherichia coli infection of the bovine uterus from the whole animal to the cell

Reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT‐LAMP), a light for mammalian transcript analysis in low‐input laboratories

Bacterial contamination hypothesis: a new concept in endometriosis

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