Influence of UV radiation and moisten associated with natural weathering on the ballistic performance of aramid fabric armor

Nascimento, Rodrigo Fernandes; Silva, Anderson Oliveira da; Weber, Ricardo Pondé; Monteiro, Sérgio Neves

doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.07.046

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As indicated by the XRD patterns in Figure a, three representative XRD peaks are observed at 21.3, 23.7, and 27.4° in the AMFs immersed for 1 min, corresponding to (110), (200), and (004) planes, respectively. This is well matched with previously reported values of crystal state. − After the immersion time of 5 min is over, the crystal peak at 21.3° matched with the (110) plane disappears, revealing the splitting of the microstructure. The other two peaks representing the internal alignments of aramid molecules remain to be negligibly changed, indicating that AMFs are capable of preserving a relatively complete structure, and the aramid molecules maintain their originally periodic and tight alignments at room temperature even with 30 min of reaction time.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Self-Reinforced Doping Strategy in the Multiscale PMIA Paper for High Mechanical Properties and Insulating Performance

Sun,

Lv,

Zhang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) paper has attracted extensive interests due to its ultrahigh mechanical properties as an ideal protective material for anti-impact damage applications. In the pursuit of additional properties, composites based on the PMIA matrix and various fillers are widely explored. However, additional improvements are frequently obtained at the expense of mechanical properties because of the serious interfacial compatibility brought by different components. In this study, a self-reinforced doping strategy is proposed by combining microscale PMIA fibers as the fillers and nanoscale PMIA fibers as the matrix to form a micronano paper. Without the limitation of the interfacial compatibility issues, the nanofibers are tightly aligned and adhered to the microfibers, enabling the in situ generation of hydrogen bonds at the interfaces. A compact interfacial structure is thus constructed with reduced porosity on the surface. It indicates that the microfibers have a positive impact on the improvement of mechanical properties. In our optimized sample with 5 wt % microfibers, the elastic modulus, tensile strength, and elongation are 1530 MPa, 24.8 MPa, and 5.3%, respectively, which are 142, 49.4, and 65% higher than those of the pristine nano-PMIA paper. In addition, the insulating performance is also improved, facilitating its further application extended to broad fields.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Self-Reinforced Doping Strategy in the Multiscale PMIA Paper for High Mechanical Properties and Insulating Performance

Sun,

Lv,

Zhang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Our tensile tests of para‐aramid yarns showed that a 1‐min NTP treatment did not significantly ( t ‐test, p = 0.05) decrease the tensile strength of the para‐aramid yarn measured as breakpoint peak load, but the tensile strength was reduced by 15% if the NTP treatment time was prolonged to 3 min, likely due to the invisible damage caused by UV emission from the NTP (Nascimento et al, 2020). For yarn samples that were dyed without any pretreatment, there was no reduction in the observed tensile strength, indicating that dyeing in ScCO 2 did not sacrifice the tensile strength of the para‐aramid yarns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Dyeing para‐aramid fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide with pretreatment of nonthermal plasma induced oil polymers

Metzcar

Wang

et al. 2022

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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It has been a great challenge to effectively dye para-aramids. This study systematically evaluated the dyeing of textile fabrics made of woven continuous filament, highly crystalline para-aramids in supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO 2 ) at various combinations of temperature (T = 80-160 C) and pressure (P = 10-20 MPa), focusing on our new pretreatment method of using nonthermal plasma (NTP) to induce oil polymers on the surface of the fabrics for the enhancement of dyeing. We found that, without any pretreatment, the specific para-aramid fabric used in this study is undyeable (dyed K/S value of $0.5), even after an NTP surface treatment and undergoing a dyeing process in ScCO 2 , due to its high crystallinity and chemical inertness. Pretreating the para-aramids with soybean oil, acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), or a mixture of soybean oil and acrylic acid (AA/Soy) followed by an NTP treatment significantly improved the dyeing color strength, as measured by K/S values up to 9.7. In these cases, AESO and AA/Soy provided comparable results, better than that obtained with soybean oil. The NTP treatment is essential in inducing a cross-linked polymer network in situ, anchoring the para-aramids with covalent bonds and also providing functional groups that bind the dye. The new dyeing method did not compromise the strength of the para-aramids. Further, dyes soluble in ScCO 2 should be selected, since the use of dyes insoluble in ScCO 2 would require the addition of co-solvents and other auxiliary chemicals, which complicates the downstream separation of these chemicals and decreases the benefit of ScCO 2 dyeing. K E Y W O R D S acrylated epoxidized, disperse dye, nonthermal plasma, para-aramid, soybean oil, supercritical CO 2

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“…Aramids constitute a high-value, high-performance class of industrial fibres that account for a few percent of the global synthetic fibre production. These fibres with exceptionally high strength (2.4-3 GPa) and modulus of elasticity (45-160 GPa) [124] are well suited for demanding applications such as bullet-proof vests, firefighter protective garments, and in military applications [125][126][127]. Nanofibres of aramids in the size range of 10-100 nm are also used to reinforce nanocomposites [128].…”

Section: Nano-oxides and Aramid Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of UV radiation on natural and synthetic materials

Andrady

Heikkilä

Pandey³

et al. 2023

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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The deleterious effects of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation on construction materials, especially wood and plastics, and the consequent impacts on their useful lifetimes, are well documented in scientific literature. Any future increase in solar UV radiation and ambient temperature due to climate change will therefore shorten service lifetimes of materials, which will require higher levels of stabilisation or other interventions to maintain their lifetimes at the present levels. The implementation of the Montreal Protocol and its amendments on substances that deplete the ozone layer, controls the solar UV-B radiation received on Earth. This current quadrennial assessment provides a comprehensive update on the deleterious effects of solar UV radiation on the durability of natural and synthetic materials, as well as recent innovations in better stabilising of materials against solar UV radiation-induced damage. Pertinent emerging technologies for wood and plastics used in construction, composite materials used in construction, textile fibres, comfort fabric, and photovoltaic materials, are addressed in detail. Also addressed are the trends in technology designed to increase sustainability via replacing toxic, unsustainable, legacy additives with ‘greener’ benign substitutes that may indirectly affect the UV stability of the redesigned materials. An emerging class of efficient photostabilisers are the nanoscale particles that include oxide fillers and nanocarbons used in high-performance composites, which provide good UV stability to materials. They also allow the design of UV-shielding fabric materials with impressive UV protection factors. An emerging environmental issue related to the photodegradation of plastics is the generation of ubiquitous micro-scale particles from plastic litter exposed to solar UV radiation. Graphical abstract

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Influence of UV radiation and moisten associated with natural weathering on the ballistic performance of aramid fabric armor

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Self-Reinforced Doping Strategy in the Multiscale PMIA Paper for High Mechanical Properties and Insulating Performance

Self-Reinforced Doping Strategy in the Multiscale PMIA Paper for High Mechanical Properties and Insulating Performance

Dyeing para‐aramid fabrics in supercritical carbon dioxide with pretreatment of nonthermal plasma induced oil polymers

Effects of UV radiation on natural and synthetic materials

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