Influence of Various Legumes on the Yields of Succeeding Corn and Wheat and Nitrogen Content of the Soil<sup>1</sup>

Doll, E. C.; Link, Lucas

doi:10.2134/agronj1957.00021962004900060007x

Cited by 6 publications

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“…Legumes can be a potential source of quality forage (Taylor et al, 1982). Removing top growth of legume or rye cover crops may leave little, if any, effects on yield of succeeding corn or sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] (Doll and Link, 1957; Raimbault et al, 1990). Even with a slight reduction in corn yield when the top growth of crimson clover ( Trifolium incarnatum L.) was removed, the reduction was more than compensated for by the harvested crimson clover (Holderbaum et al, 1990).…”

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Influence of Winter Cover Crop and Residue Management on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Corn

2002

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or no beneficial effects on the succeeding crop yield in the short term. Including legumes as components in the Removing cover crop top growth in the spring for forage or to cover crop is one avenue to increase N content of plant prevent incorporation problems is one management option. The effects of this residue management on soil quality and productivity need residue (Clark et al., 1997a;Ranells and Wagger, 1996). to be determined. This study, conducted from 1994 to 1998 at Puyallup, As plant tissue N increased or tissue C/N ratio de-WA, determined effects of various winter cover crops and residue creased, the initial N mineralization potential and N management on soil N availability, soil C and N, and corn (Zea mays mineralization rate increased (Frankenberger and Ab-L.) yield. Included in the study were monocultures of rye (Secale delmagid, 1985; Kuo and Sainju, 1998), and the crosscereale L.), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam), and vetch (Vicia over time for net N mineralization decreased (Kuo and villosa Roth subsp. villosa ) and biculture of vetch and rye or ryegrass. Sainju, 1998). Each year, the cover crops were seeded in the fall and incorporatedCover crop residues, however, could have some undeinto, or removed from, the soil in the spring. Average top-growth sirable characteristics that may interfere with planting biomass was higher for the bicultures than for the monocultures. Total and growth of the succeeding crop. Among them are Washington State Univ., Puyallup Res. and Ext. Cent., 7612 Pioneer residue management system was still higher than the Way East, Puyallup, WA 98371-4998. Scientific Paper no. 0050-32, total corn silage yield with the incorporation of the

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Influence of Winter Cover Crop and Residue Management on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Corn

2002

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“…Received 2 July 1981. 2 Assistant professors, soil fertility, entomology, soil fertility, and sorghum breeding/physiology, respectively. Senior author is now associate professor, Dep.…”

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Reseeding Crimson Clover as a N Source for No‐Tillage Grain Sorghum Production¹

Touchton¹,

Gardner²,

Hargrove³

et al. 1982

Agronomy Journal

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Nitrogen fertilizer is an expensive but essential input for optimum production of non‐leguminous crops. The use of N fertilizer for summer grain crops can be reduced and possibly eliminated by double cropping with leguminous winter crops. Costs of seeding winter legumes, however, are often as expensive as the commercially produced N that they replace. Allowing the legumes to produce seed prior to planting the summer crop may potentially eliminate costs associated with seeding the legume each fall. The purpose of this field study, conducted on a Cecil sandy loam soil (Typic Hapludult), was to determine N fertilizer requirements for no‐tillage grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) double cropped with reseeding crimson clover (Trifolium incarnation L.) and effects of N treatments on nutrient uptake and on insect populations. Nitrogen treatments were 0, 15, 30, 45, 90, and 135 kg N/ha and the clover tissue was either removed or left on the soil surface as a no‐tillage mulch. No‐till planting sorghum into clover or removing the clover top growth at maturity had no apparent effect on clover stand establishment the following fall. Clover dry matter production was essentially equal among years and averaged 4,762 kg/ha/yr. When averaged over years, the N, P, and K concentrations in the clovertops were 2.02, 0.24 and 2.40%, respectively. The only essential nutrient in sorghum leaves at the bloom stage affected by applied N was Cu which increased linearly as applied N increased. The only effects that removing clover had on nutrient content in the sorghum leaves were to reduce K in 1979 (from 2.47 to 2.31%), N in 1980 (from 2.85 to 2.69%) and P in 1979 (from 0.36 to 0.34%) and 1980 (from 0.34 to 0.29%). The reductions, however, were not sufficient to create a deficiency of either element. Some differences were found among common insect populations and their subsequent damage among treatments but the populations were not great enough to be considered economically damaging. Nitrogen produced by the clover was sufficient for maximum sorghum grain yield (5,760, 7,098, and 2,924 kg/ha in 1978, 1979, 1980, respectively) without supplemental applications of inorganic N. Removing the clover had no effect on sorghum grain yield in 1978 or 1979, but in 1980 this treatment reduced grain yield 601 kg/ha. Even though removing the clover which contained 62 kg/ha N in 1980 reduced sorghum yield, there was no response to applied N which suggests that the yield reduction was not due to a shortage of N.

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“…Long-time experiments-The average yield of 26 corn, 26 wheat, and 24 hay crops at Campbellsville are given in table 2, and the yield trends in figure 1. A marked response to phosphorus was obtained with all three crops, but the no-P treatment was not limed, so all of the yield differences between the no-P and P treatments is not due to P. However, the response to lime without P at this location has been quite small ( 4).…”

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Initial and Residual Effects of Rock Phosphate and Superphosphate¹

Doll¹,

Miller²,

Freeman

1960

Agronomy Journal

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Influence of Various Legumes on the Yields of Succeeding Corn and Wheat and Nitrogen Content of the Soil¹

Cited by 6 publications

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Influence of Winter Cover Crop and Residue Management on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Corn

Influence of Winter Cover Crop and Residue Management on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Corn

Reseeding Crimson Clover as a N Source for No‐Tillage Grain Sorghum Production¹

Initial and Residual Effects of Rock Phosphate and Superphosphate¹

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Influence of Various Legumes on the Yields of Succeeding Corn and Wheat and Nitrogen Content of the Soil1

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Winter Cover Crop and Residue Management on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Corn

Influence of Winter Cover Crop and Residue Management on Soil Nitrogen Availability and Corn

Reseeding Crimson Clover as a N Source for No‐Tillage Grain Sorghum Production1

Initial and Residual Effects of Rock Phosphate and Superphosphate1

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Influence of Various Legumes on the Yields of Succeeding Corn and Wheat and Nitrogen Content of the Soil¹

Reseeding Crimson Clover as a N Source for No‐Tillage Grain Sorghum Production¹

Initial and Residual Effects of Rock Phosphate and Superphosphate¹