Influence of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Applied Phosphorus on Root Colonization in Wheat and Plant Nutrient Dynamics in a Phosphorus-Deficient Acid Alfisol of Western Himalayas

Abstract

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Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Alleviation of Acidity Stress on Plant Growth

“…Sweet potato plants colonized by G. margarita failed to improve the uptake of P, K, Ca, and Mg when grown on soils with pH ranging from 4.2 to 5.2 (Yano and Takaki 2005). A similar observation was made in wheat colonized by species of Funneliformis and Rhizophagus failed to improve plant N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu concentrations when grown on an acid Alfisol (Suri et al 2011). …”

“…Nevertheless, C. etunicatum colonization was not effective in improving plant growth at any of these three levels when soluble P was added (Rubio et al 2002). Grain and straw yield of wheat colonized by R. intraradices or two isolates of F. mosseae alone was higher in an acidic Alfisol (pH 5.2) soil treated with 50 and 75 % of recommended phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5 ) dose based on the targeted yield concept (Suri et al 2011). Colonization of AM fungi along with increasing application rates of P 2 O 5 resulted in consistent and significant improvements in straw and grain yields.…”

“…Colonization of AM fungi along with increasing application rates of P 2 O 5 resulted in consistent and significant improvements in straw and grain yields. All the three fungi along with 75 % P 2 O 5 dose though produced acceptable yields; it was less than the yield at sole 100 % P 2 O 5 dose (Suri et al 2011).…”

Glycine–Glomus–Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Interactions Lead to Fertilizer Phosphorus Economy in Soybean in a Himalayan Acid Alfisol

“…These VAM cultures were used on spore-equivalent basis taking VAM T (Glomus intraradices) culture into consideration while using the VAM cultures. Local VAM (Glomus mosseae) culture was prepared by the authors themselves by raising the target crop (soybean) to maturity in pots containing 7 kg sterilized soil + 2 kg FYM and 1 kg mother culture (Suri et al 2011b). After harvest, rhizosphere soil of pot as well as soybean root biomass constituted the local VAM culture (Glomus mosseae).…”

“…In this context, dual inoculation of VAM and PSB might be useful in reversing the process of P fixation in an acidic Alfisol (Suri et al 2006), as VAM will largely mobilize available P by increasing the surface area of roots and greater exploration of soil volume by its hyphal network, leading to greater nutrient-use efficiency (George et al 1992;Suri et al 2011b) and PSB will solubilize insoluble phosphates to some extent (Suri et al 2011a). In the light of these facts, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the GlycineGlomus-PSB interactions in soybean using a local PSB culture and three VAM cultures, individually and in combination with PSB.…”