Influence of vitamin D levels on bone mineral density and osteoporosis

Sadat-Ali, Mir; Al-Elq, Abdulmohsen H.; Al-Turki, Haifa A.; Al-Mulhim, Fathma A.; Al-Ali, Amein K.

doi:10.4103/0256-4947.87097

Cited by 73 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, some studies showed contrary findings, as one study by Sadat et al [16] showed a strong association of osteopenia and osteoporosis in patients with vitamin D deficiency though in a smaller cohort than ours [16]. Similarly Bischoff-Ferrari et al [17] also observed a positive correlation between low vitamin D and low BMD in a population of different age groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

The impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Bone Mineral Density at Different Age Groups: A Middle Eastern and Asian Cohort

Abdelgadir¹,

Basheir²,

Rashid³

et al. 2016

EMIJ

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Objectives: This is a pilot study to evaluate the skeletal consequences of the vitamin D deficiency in a big cohort of patients who are Vitamin D naïve. Primarily we aimed to assess the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the BMD. Secondarily, we wanted to correlate the low vitamin D and the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in different age and gender groups.Methods: This is a retrospective study that analyzed patients who checked their vitamin D between 2007-2015. Age, gender, vitamin D level, serum calcium, creatinine, whether patient is receiving renal replacement therapy or not and bone mineral density scan (DEXA).Results: Total number of patients included was 2587 patients. Overall osteopenia was 47.5% of female's n=907, while 24.0% of men n=459 had it. But, osteoporosis was in 24.1% n=459 of females, versus 32.2% n=218 of males with a p= of 0.00. 28% of males had normal BMD n=544, and 28.55% of females n=544.Osteoporosis was in >50-years age (78% of those who had osteoporosis). 26% of those who underwent DEXA scan had osteoporosis n=677, 47% had osteopenia n=1216, and 28% had normal BMD n=694 to have normal BMD. At the age of 20-50 years; 36% had normal BMD, 16.8% and 24.2% had osteoporosis and osteopenia, respectively, with a p-value of 0.000. Conclusion:Our studies have shown female predominance of osteopenia plus osteoporosis together, but male's predominance in the osteoporosis alone. Elder lies had higher rates of osteoporosis. After clearance of the confounding factors, female gender, age >50 years, serum calcium <8 and vitamin D level <10ng/ml are all considered as independent risk factors of osteoporosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

The impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Bone Mineral Density at Different Age Groups: A Middle Eastern and Asian Cohort

Abdelgadir¹,

Basheir²,

Rashid³

et al. 2016

EMIJ

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“…Whereas greater bone mass attainment at the time of puberty may provide further bone mass for later cycles of life particularly postmenopausal state [8,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a positive correlation between serum vitamin D level and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in young subjects who are at age of peak bone mass attainment as well as in postmenopausal women [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Women Presenting to Rheumatology Clinic in North of Iran: An Inverse Relation with Age

Heidari¹,

Heidari²

2013

J Women's Health Care

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“…The main source of calcium in the body is crystals of hydroxyapatite in the bones as well as increasing vitamin D enhances intestinal absorption of calcium; therefore taking supplements of calcium and vitamin D in age of puberty leads to the accumulation of calcium into crystals and increased bone mineral density [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estrogen's role in maintaining bone health is far reaching from maintaining calcium homeostasis by stimulating the release of calcitonin and activation of vitamin D (1,25 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Dietary Supplements of Calcium, Vitamin D and Estrogen Hormone on Serum Levels of OPG and RANKL Cytokines and their Relationship with Increased Bone Density in Rats

Piri

Khosravi

Moayeri

et al. 2016

JCDR

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IntRoductIonBone is considered to be one of the hardest living tissues which has an extensive blood supply and is constantly undergoing change [1]. Osteoblasts account for the organic components of bone matrix. Bone surface growth is promoted by deposition of calcium salts in a newly formed matrix [2]. Alkaline phosphatase secreting Osteoblasts, generate matrix vesicles in which crystals of hydroxyapatite (calcium and phosphate deposits) are shaped [3].Osteoclasts secrete collagenase and other enzymes into the subcellular space to make a local acidic environment which dissolves hydroxyapatite and accelerates localized absorption of collagen. Therefore, both cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts) are coordinated and essential for bone remodeling [4].The bone remodeling process happens with a rate of close to a 100% in the first year of life and 10% in the adult population [5]. The most important micronutrients in maintaining bone health which contribute most to bone mineral density at all ages are calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D [6]. Other studies showed that taking supplements such as calcium and vitamin D promotes bone absorption and resorption [7]. Studies on laboratory animals have also shown that calcium deficiency leads to inhibition of bone formation [8]. Vicky Tai et al., studied the special effects of a diet rich in calcium on bone metabolism in rats. Results indicated that Bone Mineral Density (BMD) of the femur in groups which had consumed calcium rich nutrients were notably higher than that of the control group [9]. During the process of bone formation, fluctuations in estrogen affect bone formation [10].Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), a member of the Tumour Necrosis Factor (TNF) superfamily, is an effective stimulator of both, osteoclast formation and their boneresorbing activity [11]. Upon binding to its receptor, RANK located on osteoclasts, RANKL signaling increases differentiation and activation of the osteoclasts resulting in expression of osteoclast specific molecules. During normal bone remodeling, marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts produce RANKL, which binds to the transmembrane receptor RANK on osteoclast precursors and induces differentiation and activation [12]. This occurs through the transcription factor, nuclear-factor kappa B(NFkB), which is responsible not only for activating osteoclastogenesis but also the body's inflammatory response. Although it has been proposed for a long time that the main source of RANKL are stromal and osteoblastic cells, a very recent study examiners proved that the main RANKL production site resides within osteocytes [13].Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a secreted by TNF receptor super family member acting as a decoy receptor molecule for RANKL, thereby counteracting its osteoclastogenic activity. It is produced by a variety of cells, including stromal cells, B lymphocytes and dendritic cells [14].Estrogen, the major hormone regulating bone remodeling, is essential for both men and women. Estrogen's role in maintaining bone health is far rea...

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Influence of vitamin D levels on bone mineral density and osteoporosis

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

The impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Bone Mineral Density at Different Age Groups: A Middle Eastern and Asian Cohort

The impact of Vitamin D Deficiency on Bone Mineral Density at Different Age Groups: A Middle Eastern and Asian Cohort

High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Women Presenting to Rheumatology Clinic in North of Iran: An Inverse Relation with Age

The Effects of Dietary Supplements of Calcium, Vitamin D and Estrogen Hormone on Serum Levels of OPG and RANKL Cytokines and their Relationship with Increased Bone Density in Rats

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