Influence of volcanic gases on the epidermis of Pinus halepensis Mill. in Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy: A possible tool for detecting volcanism in present and past floras

Bartiromo, Antonello; Guignard, Gaëtan; Lumaga, Maria Rosaria Barone; Barattolo, Filippo; Chiodini, Giovanni; Avino, R.; Guerriero, Giulia; Barale, Georges

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.002

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…This may have further exacerbated leaf thermal damage in some areas. Leaf shape changes (Bacon et al, 2013) and disruption to the water-repellent properties of the leaf surface (Haworth and McElwain, 2008;Bartiromo et al, 2012Bartiromo et al, , 2013 caused by SO 2 may also have contributed to reductions in the heat dissipation capacities of leaves at the TJB.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the reconstruction of plant photosynthetic and stress physiology across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary

Haworth¹,

Gallagher²,

Sum³

et al. 2014

Turkish J Earth Sci

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the reconstruction of plant photosynthetic and stress physiology across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary

Haworth¹,

Gallagher²,

Sum³

et al. 2014

Turkish J Earth Sci

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“…Additionally, this interpretation is supported by the recent ultrastructural investigations made by Bartiromo et al (2012) on the leaf epidermis of the trees of Pinus halepensis Mill, which were exposed to persistent volcanic gas fumigation in southern Italy. This study has indicated that the ultrastructure of the cuticular membrane of the particular conifer leaf shows several significant modifications, with the use of a confidence interval, compared with nonexposed trees.…”

Section: Paleoenvironment At Anfiteatro De Ticó Localitymentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The samples for TEM were prepared following Lugardon's (1971) technique, which has been used for fossil pollen and spores as well as for living plant cuticles (Bartiromo et al 2012). Ultrathin sections were observed and photographed with a Philips CM 120 TEM instrument at 80 kV, at the Centre de Technologie des Microstructures (CTm) of University Lyon 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noteworthy that the CM of the Jurassic G. yimaensis, which may have grown under a high-CO 2 ''greenhouse'' climate (similar to the high CO 2 atmospheric content recorded for the Ticó flora by Passalia [2009]), and the CM of the extant G. biloba cultivated in different worldwide environments (Guignard and Zhou 2005) both show the same layer sequence observed in the CM of the Patagonian G. ticoensis; that is, they all exhibit a layer sequence of A1, A2, and B1. In the opinion of Bartiromo et al (2012), the order in this sequence should be considered a significant diagnostic feature for the Ginkgoaceae because it does not change under different environmental conditions.…”

Section: Paleoenvironment At Anfiteatro De Ticó Localitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf Cuticle Anatomy and the Ultrastructure ofGinkgoites ticoensisArchang. from the Aptian of Patagonia

Fueyo

Guignard

Seoane

et al. 2013

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The leaf cuticle of the Ginkgoites ticoensis Archang. type material from the Aptian Anfiteatro de Ticó Formation in Patagonia, Argentina, is fully characterized with additional scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations. Many new anatomical and ultrastructural cuticular features are identified in the four-lobed leaf of G. ticoensis: the leaf shows a hypostomatic and papillate laminae, straight and pitted anticlinal and granulate periclinal walls, actinocytic stomata with between five and seven papillate, striate subsidiary cells, and guard cells with anticlinal smooth walls. The TEM studies on ordinary epidermal cells, papillae, subsidiary cells, and guard cells reveal general ultrastructural features of Ginkgoaceae: an outer polylamellate layer A made with A1 and a granular inner layer A2; A1 with an upper part A1U with continuous and straight translucent lamellae; a lower part A1L with significantly disrupted and waving translucent lamellae; and the fibrillar cuticular layer B1 as the innermost part. Ten ultrastructural characters are detailed and ranked by the use of confidence intervals based on 30 statistical measurements. A threedimensional reconstruction of the cuticle is also provided. Because of the anatomical and ultrastructural fine details shown in the G. ticoensis cuticle, new elements are given to suggest its probable family affinity and to enhance the specificities of Ginkgo and Ginkgoites.

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“…SO 2 is directly damaging to vegetation in both gaseous form and in particular when combining with water and precipitating as acid fog and rain (H 2 SO 4 ) (Haines et al 1985;Cape 1993;Kim et al 1997;Jagels et al 2002). SO 2 -induced damage can include decreased leaf production/leaf area (Pande and Mansfield 1985;Bacon et al 2013), changes to leaf function (Darrall 1986;Dhir et al 2001;Shepherd and Wynne Griffiths 2006), as well as scarring of plant leaf cuticle and/or stomatal damage (Shepherd and Wynne Griffiths 2006;Bytnerowicz et al 2007;Bartiromo et al 2012;Elliott-Kingston et al 2014). Additionally, SO 2 forms tiny particles in the atmosphere, so-called aerosols, which may not only temporarily mask the effects of global warming, but also lead to devastating effects on ecosystems, mainly through causing transient global dimming and/or cooling (Thordarson and Self 2003;Storelvmo et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cuticle surfaces of fossil plants as a potential proxy for volcanic SO2 emissions: observations from the Triassic–Jurassic transition of East Greenland

Steinthorsdottir

Elliott-Kingston

Bacon

2017

Palaeobio Palaeoenv

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Flood basalt volcanism has been implicated in several episodes of mass extinctions and environmental degradation in the geological past, including at the Triassic-Jurassic (Tr-J) transition, through global warming caused by massive outgassing of carbon dioxide. However, the patterns of biodiversity loss observed are complicated and sometimes difficult to reconcile with the effects of global warming alone. Recently, attention has turned to additional volcanic products as potential aggravating factors, in particular sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ). SO 2 acts both directly as a noxious environmental pollutant and indirectly through forming aerosols in the atmosphere, which may cause transient global dimming and cooling. Here, we present a range of morphological changes to fossil plant leaf cuticle surfaces of hundreds of Ginkgoales and Bennettitales specimens across the Tr-J boundary of East Greenland. Our results indicate that morphological structures of distorted cuticles near the Tr-J boundary are consistent with modern cuticle SO 2 -caused damage and supported by recent leaf-shape SO 2 proxy results, thus identifying cuticle surface morphology as a potentially powerful proxy for SO 2 . Recording the timing and duration of SO 2 emissions in the past may help distinguish between the driving agents responsible for mass extinction events and thus improve our understanding of the Earth System.

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Influence of volcanic gases on the epidermis of Pinus halepensis Mill. in Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy: A possible tool for detecting volcanism in present and past floras

Cited by 25 publications

References 122 publications

On the reconstruction of plant photosynthetic and stress physiology across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary

On the reconstruction of plant photosynthetic and stress physiology across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary

Leaf Cuticle Anatomy and the Ultrastructure ofGinkgoites ticoensisArchang. from the Aptian of Patagonia

Cuticle surfaces of fossil plants as a potential proxy for volcanic SO2 emissions: observations from the Triassic–Jurassic transition of East Greenland

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