A novel, efficient, and direct blend of solvents, tetrabutylammonium acetate/dimethyl sulfoxide (TBAA/DMSO), was used for the dissolution and regeneration of bamboo pulp. Regenerated fibers were successfully prepared by a wet spinning process. The bamboo pulp without any pretreatment was readily soluble in the solvent under mild conditions. The dissolution process was observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Rheological properties of the cellulose solutions at various concentrations were investigated. The regenerated fibers prepared by coagulation in ethanol were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and an electronic tensile tester. The SEM images showed that the regenerated fibers possessed a smooth surface and circular cross-section, and the XRD and FT-IR results revealed that the fibers exhibited a cellulose II structure. The thermostability and mechanical properties of the fibers was also investigated.
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INTRODUCTIONRenewable resources are of importance in our modern society because of their positive effects on agriculture, the environment, and the economy. Because of the limited existing quantities of fossil supplies and the recent environmental conservation regulations, biopolymers being used as renewable materials are gaining considerable importance. Cellulose, the most abundant renewable polymer available, is produced by nature at an annual rate of 10 11 to 10 12 tons (Hae-ri et al. 2014). It is a homopolysaccharide that is formed from linearly connecting D-glucose units condensed through the ÎČ(1â4) glycosidic bonds (Nishiyama et al. 2002;Van de Vyver et al. 2011). This natural polymer has a 2-fold screw axis along the chain direction. The degree of polymerization (DP) of the macromolecule can vary from 100 to 20,000 depending on the sources (Zhang et al. 2006). Lignocellulose, which refers to the chemical composition of plant-based material, occupies an important position as a raw material for papermaking, viscose fibers, bio-ethanol, etc.Among natural plants, bamboo is rapidly grown, an early harvested vegetable, and has a high adaptability, unlike trees that suffer insect infestation. Bamboo is a renewable natural bioresource that is abundant in many parts of the world. After being grown for three years, bamboo can be felled every year within several decades to 100 years (He et al. 2007). It has several advantages, including small environmental load, rapid growth, renewability, relatively high strength, and good flexibility (Liu et al. 2010). Bamboo is considered an important biopolymer with useful applications in various fields, including textiles (Teli and (Liu et al. 2004), using a viscose process. However, the conventional viscose process causes serious environmental problems that restrict the further development of regenerated bamboo fibers. Because of the high pollution and low efficiency of the traditional processes, it is imperative to explo...