Influence of Wavelength of Light on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse Vegetables

Abstract

All previous reviews of research on light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been focused on how different light spectra generally influence plant yield and quality. There are no or almost no reviews on the effect of spectra on sugars or pigment concentration, or yield and growth etc. The role of visible light in food production, as in agriculture and horticulture, is obvious, as light drives photosynthesis, which is crucial for plant growth and development. Solid state lighting using LEDs represents a fundamentally different technology from gaseous discharge-type lamps currently in use. LEDs are important lamp types because the concentration of the light spectrum they emit can be changed to provide plants at various developmental stages with the light spectrum needed. A great deal of studies have been done on the effect of wavelengths of light on growth, yield and nutritional quality of greenhouse vegetables. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which the spectra affect sugar and pigment concentration, and yield, and growth. This article provides a list of how spectra influence the yield, growth, and nutritional quality of greenhouse-grown vegetables. Based on the given information we can conclude that blue, green, and red light are the main light colours that influence positively plant yield, growth and nutrient quality. Sometimes in specific situations, some other light colours are also beneficial, like far red light, orange light and UVA light. Future work on light colour manipulation has potential for producing lamps and greenhouse covers that better support plant yield, growth, and nutrition.

Changes in Greenhouse Grown Tomatoes Metabolite Content Depending on Supplemental Light Quality

“…Several researches showed that photosynthesis under a combination of red and blue light tends to be higher than under HPS lighting, but fruit yield is equal ( 12 ). Olle and Virsile ( 26 ) found that red LEDs enhance tomatoes yield and that underlines findings of our research that states that generally with higher addition of red waves increases yield. In similar opinion, Zhang et al ( 14 ) defines that even adding FR light in combination with red LEDs and HPSL increases total fruit number.…”

Effect of Supplementary Lighting Duration on Growth and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Grafted Watermelon Seedlings

“…In recent years, an increasing number of supplementary light technology using light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been used in agricultural production [17][18][19][20]. The improvement in the growth, yield, and quality of crops has been confirmed by many studies [6,[21][22][23]. In addition, different light qualities also had different effects on the growth of cucumber and pepper [24][25][26][27][28].…”

Influence of environmental and nutritional factors on the development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) microgreens grown in a hydroponic system: A review

“…Light systems with LEDs (lightemitting diodes) have important advantages over traditional ones due to their spectral composition, durability, 6 wavelength specificity, low radiant heat, and energetic efficiency (Urrestarazu et al, 2016). LEDs are important lamp types because the concentration of the light spectrum they emit can be changed to provide plants at various developmental stages with the required light spectrum (Olle and Alsiòa, 2019). The quality effects of the light spectrum on the production features and the influence on the contents of bioactive compounds in lettuce are well-known (Ohashi-Kaneko et al, 2007;Samuolienė et al, 2017).…”

“…The quality effects of the light spectrum on the production features and the influence on the contents of bioactive compounds in lettuce are well-known (Ohashi-Kaneko et al, 2007;Samuolienė et al, 2017). The photoresponses of antioxidant compounds suggest that the photoprotective mechanism is stimulated by both light-dosedependent and wavelength-dependent reactions (Carvalho and Folta, 2016;Samuoliene et al, 2016) Lettuce growth is influenced by light colour (Table 2; Olle and Alsiòa, 2019). Far-red lighting increases the number of leaves, elongates the leaves, and promotes the growth of the lettuce, resulting in taller plants (Yuyao and Krishna, 2021).…”