Influence of Y₂O₃ particles on mechanical properties of magnesium and magnesium alloy (AZ91D)

Abstract

Nowadays, research studies and industrial requirements are directed toward the goals of achieving environmental friendliness, energy savings, and reduced weight. Magnesium and magnesium alloys are well suited for structural and automotive applications owing to their lightweight. However, the reduced hardness and strength of these alloys do pose problems in exploiting their usage. These impediments of lightweight metal matrix can be alleviated by reinforcing hard-phase particles. Different volume percentages of Y2O3 particles (average grain size 5 µm) were added as reinforcements in pure magnesium and magnesium alloy (AZ91D) and the composites were processed through the two-step stir-casting technique. Mechanical and metallurgical characterization studies were carried out on the stir-cast composites under as-cast and heat-treated conditions. Uniform distribution of yttria particles in magnesium and magnesium alloy matrix was observed through scanning electron micrographs. Macro and microhardness tests revealed the increased hardness with the increased amount of yttria reinforcement.

Tribological characterisation of magnesium matrix nanocomposites: A review

“…Table 3 summarizes the studies related to this aspect. Effect of incorporation of small amount (2 wt.%) of nano-metric (100 nm) reinforcement (Al 2 O 3 ) in pure Mg and AZ31 alloy through stir casting process on mechanical and tribological behaviour using pin on disc tribotester was examined by Habibnejad-Korayem et al 29 Experiments were performed considering different parameters, that is, normal stress (0.5, 1, 1.5 MPa), load (12,24 240 mm possess abrasive wear and oxidation wear as main wear mechanism at high load while delamination is main wear mechanism for other composites at high load.…”

“…7 In this context, oxide (Al 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , ZnO), carbide (SiC, TiC, B 4 C), boride (TiB 2 ), nitride (BN) and graphite particulates are commonly reinforced in Mg/Mg alloys to improve tribological properties. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Besides different type of particles, particle size also shows influential role for obtaining better tribological properties. For micro-reinforcements, high amount is needed to be fortified which results wettability problems by forming cluster and entrapping air.…”

Microstructural evolution of AZ61-10at.%Ti composite powders during mechanical milling

“…Simultaneously, it is imperative to emphasis that magnesium matrix composites with addition of micron-sized particulates, such as SiC particles [15], Al 2 O 3 particles [16], Y 2 O 3 particles [17], or metal particles, have the potential to improve thermal stability, yield strength, modulus, hardness, fatigue and wear resistance, as well as damping properties [18,19]. Whereas the sacrifice of the ductility due to the tremendous discrepancy of mechanical-physical properties between matrix and reinforcements [20,21], Ti could be considered as a favorable candidate for dispersion strengthening of Mg. Because both the Ti and Mg are closepacked hexagonal (HCP) crystal structure, which could make it possible to form the coherent lattice relationship at the Mg/Ti interface [19,22].…”

Recent studies on particulate reinforced AZ91 magnesium composites fabricated by Stir casting – A review

“…Katarzyna N. Braszczyńska Malik and Elżbieta Przełożyńska [49] fabricated and investigated the microstructure of AZ91 Mg MMC reinforced with Ti6Al4V particles (30% wt. fraction.)…”