Influence of yeast culture on the in vitro fermentation (Rusitec) of diets containing variable portions of concentrates

Carro, M. D.; Lebzien, Peter; Röhr, Klaus

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(92)90005-q

Cited by 84 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This result suggests that rumen microorganisms digested the supplied yeasts as an additional substrate. A similar response in diet digestibility was observed by Opsi et al (2012) when inactivated (Thepax 100 R) and live yeasts (Yea-Sacc) were added (up to 0.5 g/l), and by Carro et al (1992) with the addition of yeast culture (0.17 g/l; Yea-Sacc) to a medium concentrate diet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Effects of hydrolysed yeasts on ruminal fermentation in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)

Oeztuerk¹,

Emre²,

Breves³

2016

Vet. Med.

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ABSTRACT:The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of three different hydrolysed yeast products derived from Saccharomyces cerevisiae [hydrolysed whole yeast (HWY), less hydrolysed whole yeast (LHWY), and yeast cell wall (YCW)] on microbial fermentation characteristics using the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) with three consecutive experiments. The Rusitec system consisted of six fermentation vessels. Each vessel received 5 g chopped meadow hay and 4 g concentrate (as-fed basis) daily for up to 22 days. Yeast products were added to the fermentation vessels at a concentration of 0.25 or 0.75 g/day. In most cases, ruminal microbial activity was stimulated by HWY and YCW, particularly at the 0.75 g/day level. HWY resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) in ruminal pH and an increase (P < 0.05) in total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA), acetate, propionate and methane productions, and an increase in NH 3 -N concentration when compared with the control values. Ruminal pH was not altered, but total SCFA, acetate, propionate, butyrate, and methane productions as well as NH 3 -N concentration increased (P < 0.05) in response to YCW treatment. Digestibility of organic matter was not significantly affected by either HWY or YCW. The effects of LHWY on ruminal fermentation characteristics were negligible. These results indicate that degree of hydrolysation (low or high) and composition of yeasts (whole cell or cell wall) have remarkable effects on ruminal microbial activity in the Rusitec system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Effects of hydrolysed yeasts on ruminal fermentation in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)

Oeztuerk¹,

Emre²,

Breves³

2016

Vet. Med.

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“…Changes in the molar proportion of valeric acid accompanying the decrease in methane output for ryegrass indicated a small but specific shift in the fermentation pattern. An increase in valeric acid has been observed in other studies with the addition of SC (Carro et al 1992;Zelenák et al 1994). The linear increase in iso-valeric acid with increasing concentrations of SC when incubated with both feeds (data not presented) may indicate that iso-valeric acid is a fermentation product of SC.…”

Section: Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (Sc)supporting

confidence: 52%

Reducing in vitro rumen methanogenesis for two contrasting diets using a series of inclusion rates of different additives

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Eleven individual additives were incubated with either perennial ryegrass or with grass silage+barley grain (50 : 50) and the in vitro methane output was assessed using the gas production technique (GPT). Additives were: fatty acids (lauric, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids), halogenated methane analogues (bromoethanesulfonate and bromochloromethane), pyromellitic diimide, statins (mevastatin and lovastatin), a probiotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid (fumaric acid). Each additive was included at a range of concentrations. Effects on methane output per gram of feed dry matter (DM) incubated (CH 4 /DMi) and disappeared (CH 4 /DMd), as well as other fermentation variables, were evaluated after 24 h of incubation. The addition of increased concentrations of individual fatty acids, bromoethanesulfonate and pyromellitic diimide caused a dose-dependent decline in methane output (CH 4 /DMi, CH 4 / DMd), when incubated with either perennial ryegrass or grass silage+barley grain. No methane output was detected for either feed with the addition of !5 mM bromochloromethane. The statins were ineffective inhibitors of methane output regardless of feed type. For perennial ryegrass, S. cerevisiae caused a dose-dependent decline in CH 4 /DMd and fumaric acid a dose-dependent decline in CH 4 /DMi and CH 4 /DMd. The effectiveness of lauric, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids and bromoethanesulfonate to reduce methane output was more pronounced when incubated with grass silage+barley grain than with perennial ryegrass, and therefore the type of feed is an important component for any future in vitro and in vivo studies to be undertaken with these additives. Thus, incorporating different feed types in the initial in vitro screening protocols of all new additives is recommended.Additional keywords: in vitro total gas production technique, rumen fermentation modifiers, ruminant diets.

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“…In previous studies conducted at our laboratory (Carro et al, 1992;Gó mez et al, 2005) we noticed that changes in the fermentation due to changes in the dietary forage : concentrate ratio in Rusitec fermenters did not reproduce the changes usually found in vivo. Whereas the simulation of rumen fermentation was quite satisfactory for high-forage diets, fermentation of high-concentrate diets resulted in unphysiological acetate : propionate ratios, with values higher than 4.0.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…In a study with Rusitec fermenters fed a diet containing 700 g of concentrate per kg, Martínez et al (2006) observed that reducing the concentrate retention time from 48 to 24 h decreased the molar proportions of acetate and butyrate, and increased those of propionate, with the acetate : propionate ratio changing from 3.54 to 2.52. These results would indicate that reducing concentrate retention time is a suitable way to modify ruminal fermentation in Rusitec fermenters, and that the unphysiological acetate : propionate ratios found when high-concentrate diets were incubated (Blanchart et al, 1989;Carro et al, 1992;Gó mez et al, 2005) might have been due to the high retention time of concentrate feeds prefixed in these fermenters (48 h).…”

Section: Comparison Of In Vitro Systemsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparison of microbial fermentation of high- and low-forage diets in Rusitec, single-flow continuous-culture fermenters and sheep rumen

Carro

Ranilla

Martín-García

et al. 2009

Animal

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Eight Rusitec and eight single-flow continuous-culture fermenters (SFCCF) were used to compare the ruminal fermentation of two diets composed of alfalfa hay and concentrate in proportions of 80 : 20 (F80) and 20 : 80 (F20). Results were validated with those obtained previously in sheep fed the same diets. Rusitec fermenters were fed once daily and SFCCF twice, but liquid dilution rates were similar in both types of fermenters. Mean values of pH over the 12 h postfeeding were higher ( P , 0.001) in Rusitec than in SFCCF, with diet F80 showing higher values ( P , 0.001) in both types of fermenters. Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (VFA) were higher ( P , 0.001) in SFCCF than in Rusitec, and in both systems were higher ( P 5 0.002) for diet F20 than for diet F80. There were significant differences between systems in the proportions of the main VFA, and a fermentation system 3 diet interaction ( P , 0.001) was detected for all VFA with the exception of valerate. No differences ( P 5 0.145) between the two types of fermenters were detected in dry matter (DM) digestibility, but NDF, microbial N flow and its efficiency were higher ( P 5 0.001) in SFCCF compared to Rusitec. Whereas pH values and VFA concentrations remained fairly stable through the day in both in vitro systems, pH dropped and VFA increased shortly after feeding in sheep rumen reaching the minimum and maximal values, respectively, about 4 h after feeding. Both in vitro systems detected differences between diets similar to those found in sheep for liquid dilution rate, pH values, DM digestibility, microbial N flow and growth efficiency. In contrast, acetate/propionate ratios were lower for diet F20 than for F80 in sheep rumen (2.73 and 3.97) and SFCCF (3.07 and 4.80), but were higher for diet F20 compared to F80 (4.29 and 3.40) in Rusitec, with values considered to be unphysiological for high-concentrate diets. In vivo NDF digestibility was affected ( P 5 0.017) by diet, but no differences between diets ( P . 0.05) were found in any in vitro system. A more precise control of pH in both types of fermenters and a reduction of concentrate retention time in Rusitec could probably improve the simulation of in vivo fermentation.

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Influence of yeast culture on the in vitro fermentation (Rusitec) of diets containing variable portions of concentrates

Cited by 84 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of hydrolysed yeasts on ruminal fermentation in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)

Effects of hydrolysed yeasts on ruminal fermentation in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)

Reducing in vitro rumen methanogenesis for two contrasting diets using a series of inclusion rates of different additives

Comparison of microbial fermentation of high- and low-forage diets in Rusitec, single-flow continuous-culture fermenters and sheep rumen

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