Influence of zeolite and lime as additives on greenhouse gas emissions and maturity evolution during sewage sludge composting

Apple pomace improves the quality of pig manure aerobic compost by reducing emissions of NH3 and N2O

“…proved that AP can effectively reduce the NH 3 release during the pig manure composting 17 . However, emission of N 2 O during composting reduced N conservation and contributed to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission 20 . There has been little research on reducing N 2 O during composting AP with PM which has limited the application of AP in composting.…”

Closing the nutrient loops in (peri-)urban farming systems through composting

“…The addition of bulking agents such as crop residues (Santos et al, 2016;Vu et al, 2015), the control of aeration rate (Chowdhury et al, 2014) and the control of pH (Awasthi et al, 2016) have been identified as means of reducing N losses and GHG emissions from composting. However, it is difficult to apply these practices in many developing countries, for instance because of the competing uses of crop residues, mainly for animal feed and fuel in smallholder farming systems , and the need for labour to turn compost piles, determining factors in the adoption of composting in developing countries .…”

“…Several technologies, such as the addition of crop residues (Santos et al, 2016;Vu et al, 2015), the control of aeration rate (Chowdhury et al, 2014) and the control of pH (Awasthi et al, 2016) (section 1.2. ), are suggested as ways of reducing N losses and GHG emissions from composting.…”

“…Nitrogen (N) is lost during composting through ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrous oxide (N2O) or dinitrogen (N2) (Awasthi et al, 2016;Chan et al, 2016). The total N loss may account for 40-70% of initial N (Vu et al, 2015).…”

“…Similarly, high activities of methanogens (Ermolaev et al, 2014) and subsequent CH4 emissions (Vu et al, 2015) have been reported during the thermophilic stage. Controlling pH through the use of additives (Awasthi et al, 2016), lowering mineralisable C and/or increasing the substrate C : N ratio by the addition of a bulking agent (Santos et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2014) reduce N losses and GHG emissions. However, these practices are difficult to scale up to largescale systems, particularly in non-mechanised agricultural systems.…”