Influence of Zr-substitution on phase transitions character in polycrystalline Ba(Ti1−x Zr x )O3

Abstract

The results of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dielectric measurements performed for polycrystalline Ba(Ti 1-x Zr x )O 3 are presented. Data from these measurements show a change of the type of paraelectric-ferroelectric (PE-FE) phase transition (PT) from sharp PT (x \ 0.10), through diffuse phase transition (0.10 B x B 0.20), to relaxor type one (x = 0.30). The lack of structural PT at the temperature T m (the temperature of the maximum of real part of the electric permittivity e 0 ) for 0.10 B x B 0.30, suggest that this PE-FE transition is not connected with the change of crystal structure. A phase angle of about U & -90°, between electric current and applied voltage, suggests the occurrence of polar regions (clusters) below 400 K. The change of these clusters polarizability and their lability at the T m is postulated as possible origin of the observed maximum of e 0 .

Facile hydrothermal synthesis of BaZrxTi1−xO3 nanoparticles and their application to a lead-free nanocomposite generator

“…This made the corresponding compounds promising candidates for various applications such as piezoelectric transducers, dynamic random access memory, and tuneable capacitors owing to their low leakage current and high breakdown eld strength. 24,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] For the synthesis of BZT particles, a solid-state reaction at very high temperature ($1200 C) is needed due to the low reactivity of Zr ions. It is still difficult to obtain a homogeneous solid solution, especially in higher Zr concentrations.…”

Influence of Sn and Pb Ions Substitutions on Dielectric Properties of Barium Titanate

“…The biggest advantage of these materials is a wide possibility of modification their physical properties by ferroactive and nonferoroactive ions substitutions in the perovskite A and/or B sublattices [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The popularity of solid solutions based on BT and PT are growing due to their good parameters, which gives a possibility of their wide technical applications, especially in electronics and optoelectronics.…”

Continuous BaTi1−yZryO3 (0≤y≤1) nanocrystals synthesis in supercritical fluids for nanostructured lead-free ferroelectric ceramics

“…The sharp ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition for y ≤ 0.15 becomes broader increasing the substitution rate from 0.15 up to 0.25. A further increase up to 0.40 leads to a relaxor behaviour characterized by a frequency dependent dielectric permittivity maximum [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Such a material with a ferroelectric-relaxor crossover, exhibiting thus tunable dielectric behaviour, presents a high potential in terms of applications.…”