Influences and mechanisms of nanoparticles on pentachloronitrobenzene accumulation by earthworms

Li, Ming; Xu, Guanghui; Guo, Na; Zheng, Na; Dong, Wenjie; Li, Xiao; Yu, Yong

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14368-6

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 43 publications

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“…In aquatic environments, the LC50 for rainbow trout and bluegill sunfish are 0.55 and 0.1 mg/L [10], respectively. Exposure to PCNB has been reported to cause skin and eye irritation in humans [13] and it can also lead to severe oxidative stress in earthworms [48], but the impact of PCNB on cardiac toxicity is unknown. Zebrafish can serve as an excellent model for cardiovascular research [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentachloronitrobenzene Reduces the Proliferative Capacity of Zebrafish Embryonic Cardiomyocytes via Oxidative Stress

Fan

Shen

Jia

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is an organochlorine protective fungicide mainly used as a soil and seed fungicide. Currently, there are few reports on the toxicity of PCNB to zebrafish embryo. Here, we evaluated the toxicity of PCNB in aquatic vertebrates using a zebrafish model. Exposure of zebrafish embryos to PCNB at concentrations of 0.25 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, and 0.75 mg/L from 6 hpf to 72 hpf resulted in abnormal embryonic development, including cardiac malformation, pericardial edema, decreased heart rate, decreased blood flow velocity, deposition at yolk sac, shortened body length, and increased distance between venous sinus and arterial bulb (SV-BA). The expression of genes related to cardiac development was disordered. However, due to the unstable embryo status in the 0.75 mg/L exposure concentration group, the effect of PCNB on the expression levels of cardiac-related genes was not concentration-dependent. We found that PCNB increased reactive oxygen species stress levels in zebrafish, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and catalase (CAT) activity, and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The increased level of oxidative stress reduced the proliferation ability of zebrafish cardiomyocytes, and the expressions of zebrafish proliferation-related genes such as cdk-2, cdk-6, ccnd1, and ccne1 were significantly down-regulated. Astaxanthin (AST) attenuates PCNB-induced reduction in zebrafish cardiomyocyte proliferation by reducing oxidative stress levels. Our study shows that PCNB can cause severe oxidative stress in zebrafish, thereby reducing the proliferative capacity of cardiomyocytes, resulting in zebrafish cardiotoxicity.

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