Influences of Biochar on Bioremediation/Phytoremediation Potential of Metal-Contaminated Soils

Abstract

A number of anthropogenic and weathering activities accumulate heavy metals in soils, causing adverse effects on soil characteristics, microbial activity (diversity), agricultural practices, and underground aquifers. Controlling soil heavy metal pollution is difficult due to its persistence in soils, resulting in the deposition and transmission into the food web via agricultural food products, ultimately affecting human health. This review critically explores the potential for remediation of metal-contaminated soils using a biochar-based responsible approach. Plant-based biochar is an auspicious bio-based residue substance that can be used for metal-polluted soil remediation and soil improvement as a sustainable approach. Plants with rapid growth and increased biomass can meet the requirements for phytoremediation in large quantities. Recent research indicates significant progress in understanding the mechanisms of metal accumulation and contaminant movement in plants used for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soil. Excessive contamination reduces plant biomass and growth, which has substantial hyperaccumulating possibilities and is detrimental to the phytoremediation process. Biochar derived from various plant sources can promote the growth and phytoremediation competence of native or wild plants grown in metal-polluted soil. Carbon-enriched biochar encourages native microbial growth by neutralizing pH and providing nutritional support. Thus, this review critically discusses the influence of plant and agricultural waste-based biochar on plant phytoremediation potential in metal-contaminated soils.

Biochar enhanced phytostabilization of heavy metal contaminated mine tailings: A review

“…of tailing particles, resulting in more negative charges of tailing particles, thus enhancing the adsorption capacity of tailing for heavy metals (Yan et al, 2021c). Finally, biochar affects the redox potential of heavy metals, for example, biochar converts Cr 6+ to Cr 3+ which is less toxic and mobile by continuously transferring electrons (Xu et al, 2020;Narayanan and Ma, 2022).…”

Lead and zinc chemical fraction alterations in multi-metal contaminated soil with pomelo peel biochar and biochar/apatite incubation

“…Heavy metal pollution has significantly expanded worldwide, inflicting severe detriment to the ecological environment due to the rapid development of industrial production and the acceleration of urbanization [1,2]. Natural occurrences and anthropogenic activities, including mining, agricultural practices, industrial and municipal discharge, have rapidly intensified heavy metals (HMs) and metalloid contamination in soil [3,4]. These activities might seriously endanger environmental ecology, public health, and food security issues [4].…”

“…Natural occurrences and anthropogenic activities, including mining, agricultural practices, industrial and municipal discharge, have rapidly intensified heavy metals (HMs) and metalloid contamination in soil [3,4]. These activities might seriously endanger environmental ecology, public health, and food security issues [4]. Because HMs are non-biodegradable, they may persist in the soil, get into the food chain from contaminated soil, water, and air through agricultural products, and even build up in humans through bioaccumulation.…”

Characteristics of glyphosate adsorption with biochar from young coconut waste

“…The high adsorption of contaminants into biochar is caused by the large surface area [11], micro, meso, and macro pores [12][13][14], and high pH [15]. Many research about biochar as an ameliorant to remove pollutants in water and soil has been investigated based on a characteristic of biochar [16][17][18][19][20]. The type of feedstock, on the other hand, will have a varied adsorption impact.…”