Influences of Enzyme Complex Supplementation on Growth, Ileal and Apparent Fecal Digestibility and Morphology of Small Intestine in Pigs

Abstract

A total of 140 weaning pigs were used to determine the effects of digestive enzyme supplementation to corn-soybean meal diets on growth performance, physiological changes of small intestine, microorganisms and pH in the gastrointestinal tract. Two kinds of enzyme complex (A, B) were used in this experiment. Pigs were allotted in a completely random design (CRD) to five replicates with four pigs per pen. Diets and water were provided for ad libitum consumption. Treatments included 1) Control: without enzyme supplementation, 2) Enzyme A 0.05%, 3) Enzyme A 0.10%, 4) Enzyme A 0.15%, 5) Enzyme B 0.05%, 6) Enzyme B 0.10%, 7) Enzyme B 0.15% in the diets. A total of 24 crossbred barrows 25.78±0.55 kg BW fitted with simple ileal T-cannulas were used to evaluate the effect the enzyme addition on the nutrient digstibility. Pigs were allotted 4 treatments (No enzyme, enzyme A 0.05%, enzyme A 0.1%, enzyme A 0.15%), 6 replicates according to a completely random design (CRD). Another digestibility trial was followed for enzyme complex B. Twenty pigs, average 31.92±0.37 kg BW, fitted with simple ileal T-cannulas for digestibility trial. Neither enzyme A nor enzyme B affected on fecal or ileal digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash (p>0.05). The apparent fecal digestibilities of all the nutrients were higher in total feces collection method than in indirect method. At the end of feeding trial, 21 pigs were slaughtered for examining the morphological changes of small intestine and the concentration of microorganisms in the ileum and the colon. Growth performance, intestinal morphology and pH of ileum and colon were not affected by the either enzyme complex supplementation (p>0.05). These results suggested that enzyme complex A and enzyme complex B were of no benefit to early-weaned pigs when corn-soybean meal based diet was provided.

The microbial pH-stable exogenous multienzyme improved growth performance and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs fed a corn–soybean-based diet

“…These results concur with data reported by Willamil et al (2012), who observed an improvement in VH and VH:CD, and decrease in CD of the ileum of growing pigs fed wheat-based diets supplemented with a carbohydrase complex. Contrary to the present results, however, Kim et al (2004) reported that there were no effects of multienzyme preparation on the VH and CD in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of weaned pigs fed a corn-SBM-based diet. Willamil et al (2012) also observed no effects of a carbohydrase complex on ileal VH and CD of pigs fed a corn-SBM diet.…”

“…Exogenous enzymes have been successfully used in the pigs industry to minimize or eliminate the negative effect of antinutritional factors, to stimulate nutrient digestibility and improve nutritive values of high non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) containing feedstuff such as wheat, oats, barley, and rye (Willamil et al 2012;Kianfar et al 2013;Karimi & Zahedi 2015). However, it is thought that feedstuff like corn and SBM may not benefit from exogenous enzyme supplementation due to lower level of soluble NSP and lesser viscosity (Kim et al 2004;Willamil et al 2012). Corn contains 10-11% NSP, which are mainly arabinoxylan and β-galactomannan, and SBM contains 22.7% NSP such as αgalactosides [e.g.…”

Wheat-barley-rye- or corn-fed growing pigs respond differently to dietary supplementation with a carbohydrase complex

“…Nevertheless, the effects of enzyme supplementation on performance or nutrient digestibility of pigs fed corn-based diets, as reported in literature, are not consistent. Some studies show positive responses to enzyme supplementation (Jakob et al, 2005a;Fang et al, 2007;Ji et al, 2008), but others fail to show any effects (Li et al, 1999;Kim et al, 2004). Gorn contains approximately 7 to 9% NSP, mainly insoluble arabinoxylans (Dierick and Decuypere, 1996;Summers, 2001), whereas soybean meal contains approximately 3% soluble NSP and 16% insoluble NSP (Irish and Balnave, 1993).…”

Effects of Supplemental Beta-mannanase on Digestible Energy and Metabolizable Energy Contents of Copra Expellers and Palm Kernel Expellers Fed to Pigs

“…Lower enzyme activity of exogenous carbohydrases in the gastrointestinal tract may be a reason for the lack of effects of the supplemental enzyme on the energy digestibility ( Kim et al, 2004 ). The β-mannanase (mannan-endo-1,4-β-D-mannosidase, EC 3.2.1.78) product used in this study was an endo-acting carbohydrase, attacking the 1,4-β-D-mannan main chain of the mannan compounds and releasing mannan-oligosaccharides or a small amount of mannose ( McCleary, 1988 ; Kong et al, 2011 ).…”