Influences of Extreme Weather Conditions on the Carbon Cycles of Bamboo and Tea Ecosystems

Abstract

Tea plantations have expanded rapidly during the past several decades in China, the top tea-producing country, as a result of economic development; however, few studies have investigated the influence of tea plantations on the carbon cycle, especially from the perspective of climate change and increases in extreme weather events. Therefore, we employed combined observational and modeling methods to evaluate the water and carbon cycles at representative bamboo and tea plots in eastern China. Green tea growth and the corresponding water and carbon cycles were reproduced using the Community Land Model after applying fertilizer. Old-growth bamboo was reasonably simulated as broadleaf evergreen forest in this model. The mean observed soil respiration ranged from 1.79 to 2.57 and 1.34 to 1.50 µmol m−2 s−1 at the bamboo and tea sites, respectively, from April 2016 to October 2017. The observed soil respiration decreased by 23% and 55% due to extreme dryness in August 2016 at the bamboo and tea plots, respectively, and the model reproduced these decreases well. The modeling results indicated that tea acted as a stronger carbon sink during spring and a stronger carbon source during autumn and winter compared with old-growth bamboo. The carbon cycle was affected more by extremely dry weather than by extremely wet weather in both the bamboo and tea plots. Extremely dry periods markedly reduced the carbon sink at both plots, although this trend was more pronounced at the tea plot.

N2O emission and mineral N leaching from contrasting land‐use hillslopes as jointly affected by climate and rock fragment factors

“…The green tea and bamboo were modified from temperate broadleaf evergreen. For the tree parameters in the “tree.100 file”, based on the study of Zhao et al (2018), the most sensitive parameter “PRDX” was manually parameterized to obtain the optimal values; meanwhile, the growth temperatures parameters [PPDF(1–4)] were corrected using the local growth environment of plants, and the “MAXLAI” parameters of TG and BF were obtained from Fu et al (2018) (Tab. S2).…”

Predicting Possible Distribution of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) under Climate Change Scenarios Using MaxEnt Model in China

“…The development of tea to cope with climate change is highly dependent on social and economic input, and the benefits brought by tea production could promote the excavation of potential distribution areas, but this process is meaningful only when the climatic conditions of a certain area meet the requirements of tea production. On the other hand, according to the physiological characteristics of tea tree, as an evergreen plant, it is suitable for growing in a humid and warm environment, with limited resistance to cold and heat [83,84]. Under the climatic conditions of increasing CO 2 concentration and temperature in the future, the temperature in northern Shandong and southern Shanxi will reach the minimum standard for tea growth, which will lead to the northward shift of the suitable regional boundary for its distribution.…”

Soil Type, Topography, and Land Use Interact to Control the Response of Soil Respiration to Climate Variation

“…At each chamber, gas samples were collected at 0, 10, 20, and 30 min after chamber closure, and the CO 2 and N 2 O concentrations in each gas samples were analyzed using a gas chromatograph (7890B, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The measurements of R s (CO 2 emission flux) and N 2 O emission flux were described in detail by Fu et al [23] and Liao et al [29], respectively.…”

“…The southeastern mountainous area occupies over 11.8% of the area of national land in China [20]. Much of this area suffers from intensive agricultural development, and tea plantations are a common vegetation type for the developed lands which have rapidly expanded in recent decades [21][22][23]. In this region, the expansion of tea plantations generally occurs at the expense of natural forested land like bamboo forest (BF) [24,25].…”