Influences of feedstock sources and pyrolysis temperature on the properties of biochar and functionality as adsorbents: A meta-analysis

Hassan, Masud; Liu, Yanju; Naidu, Ravi; Parikh, Sanjai J.; Du, Jianhua; Qi, Fang; Willett, I.R.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140714

Cited by 408 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…The wide spectrum of biochar feedstocks, which are responsible for the extensive and dissimilar documented properties of biochar around the world, include switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), hardwoods, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) hulls, maize husk, pecan (Carya illinoinensis) shells, bark, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), animal manure, sewage sludge, urban yard wastes, industrial byproducts, and aquaculture waste [1,2]. In general, feedstocks for biochar production have been considered as materials that are abundantly available or waste, or acquired at low price [1,39]. Generally, biomass is divided into woody biomass, which has high bulk density, less void age, high calorific value, low moisture and ash contents, and non-woody biomass, comprised of animal manures, poultry manure, agricultural and crop residues, urban and industrial waste material [40].…”

Section: Biochar Feedstock Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar and Its Broad Impacts in Soil Quality and Fertility, Nutrient Leaching and Crop Productivity: A Review

et al. 2021

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Biochar is gaining significant attention due to its potential for carbon (C) sequestration, improvement of soil health, fertility enhancement, and crop productivity and quality. In this review, we discuss the most common available techniques for biochar production, the main physiochemical properties of biochar, and its effects on soil health, including physical, chemical, and biological parameters of soil quality and fertility, nutrient leaching, salt stress, and crop productivity and quality. In addition, the impacts of biochar addition on salt-affected and heavy metal contaminated soils were also reviewed. An ample body of literature supports the idea that soil amended with biochar has a high potential to increase crop productivity due to the concomitant improvement in soil structure, high nutrient use efficiency (NUE), aeration, porosity, and water-holding capacity (WHC), among other soil amendments. However, the increases in crop productivity in biochar-amended soils are most frequently reported in the coarse-textured and sandy soils compared with the fine-textured and fertile soils. Biochar has a significant effect on soil microbial community composition and abundance. The negative impacts that salt-affected and heavy metal polluted soils have on plant growth and yield and on components of soil quality such as soil aggregation and stability can be ameliorated by the application of biochar. Moreover, most of the positive impacts of biochar application have been observed when biochar was applied with other organic and inorganic amendments and fertilizers. Biochar addition to the soil can decrease the nitrogen (N) leaching and volatilization as well as increase NUE. However, some potential negative effects of biochar on microbial biomass and activity have been reported. There is also evidence that biochar addition can sorb and retain pesticides for long periods of time, which may result in a high weed infestation and control cost.

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Section: Biochar Feedstock Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar and Its Broad Impacts in Soil Quality and Fertility, Nutrient Leaching and Crop Productivity: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…Among all materials, HNT shows higher thermal stability up to 400 °C, whereas the weight percentage of BC gradually reduced with increasing temperature because of the degradation of amorphous carbon. 42 − 44 The reduction of the weight percentage of polymer beads occurs because of eliminating various volatiles (stem, CO 2 , CO, and hydrocarbons).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesoporous Biopolymer Architecture Enhanced the Adsorption and Selectivity of Aqueous Heavy-Metal Ions

Hassan¹,

Liu²,

Naidu³

et al. 2021

ACS Omega

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Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) and ball-milled biochar (BC) incorporated biocompatible mesoporous adsorbents (HNT-BC@Alg) were synthesized for adsorption of aqueous heavy-metal ions. HNT-BC@Alg outperformed the BC, HNT, and BC@Alg in removing cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb). Mesoporous structure (∼7.19 to 7.56 nm) of HNT-BC@Alg was developed containing an abundance of functional groups induced from encapsulated BC and tubular HNT, which allowed heavy metals to infiltrate and interact with the adsorbents. Siloxane groups from HNT, oxygen-containing functional groups from BC, and hydroxyl and carboxyl groups from alginate polymer play a significant role in the adsorption of heavy-metal ions. The removal percentage of heavy metals was recorded as Pb (∼99.97 to 99.05%) > Cu (∼95.01 to 90.53%) > Cd (∼92.5 to 55.25%) > Ni (∼80.85 to 50.6%), even in the presence of 0.01/0.001 M of CaCl 2 and Na 2 SO 4 as background electrolytes and charged organic molecule under an environmentally relevant concentration (200 μg/L). The maximum adsorption capacities of Ni, Cd, Cu, and Pb were calculated as 2.85 ± 0.08, 6.96 ± 0.31, 16.87 ± 1.50, and 26.49 ± 2.04 mg/g, respectively. HNT-BC@Alg has fast sorption kinetics and maximum adsorption capacity within a short contact time (∼2 h). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental mapping exhibited that adsorbed heavy metals co-distributed with Ca, Si, and Al. The reduction of surface area, pore volume, and pore area of HNT-BC@Alg (after sorption of heavy metals) confirms that mesoporous surface (2–18 nm) supports diffusion, infiltration, and interaction. However, a lower range of mesoporous diameter of the adsorbent is more suitable for the adsorption of heavy-metal ions. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models, demonstrating the monolayer formation of heavy-metal ions through both the physical sorption and chemical sorption, including pore filling, ion exchange, and electrostatic interaction.

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“…Piroliz prosesi, reaktör içerisine konulan hammaddenin oksijensiz ortamda, belirlenen sıcaklığa kadar ısıtılması sonucunda ısıl bozundurulmasının sağlanarak katı, sıvı ve gaz ürünlerin elde edilmesi esasına dayanmaktadır [9]. Farklı biyokütlelerden elde edilen piroliz ürünlerinin farklı kimyasal ve fiziksel özelliklere sahip oldukları ve elde edilen katı, sıvı ve gaz ürün bileşimlerinin biyokütle kaynağına bağlı olarak değişiklik gösterdiği [13,14] tespit edilmiştir. Hammaddenin pirolizi ile elde edilen katı, sıvı ve gaz ürünlerin kalitesini arttırarak daha değerli ürünler elde etmek ve genellikle sıvı ürün verimini arttırmak amacıyla iki ya da daha fazla hammadde birlikte piroliz edilmektedir [16].…”

Section: Birlikte Piroliz Yöntemi Ile Piroliz çArının üRetimi (Production Of Pyrolysis Char With Co-pyrolysis Method)unclassified

“…Literatürdeki piroliz çalışmaları incelendiğinde, farklı biyokütlelerden elde edilen piroliz ürünlerinin farklı kimyasal ve fiziksel özelliklere sahip oldukları ve elde edilen katı, sıvı ve gaz ürün bileşimlerinin biyokütle kaynağına bağlı olarak değişiklik gösterdiği [13,14] tespit edilmiştir.…”

Section: Gi̇ri̇ş (Introduction)unclassified

Atık çınar yaprakları ve plastik bardakların birlikte pirolizinden üretilen piroliz çarının bitümün viskozitesi ve yüksek sıcaklık performans sınıfı üzerine etkisi

Atasağun

2021

Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi

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Using pyrolysis products in different areas  Production of new additive for bitumen modification  Enhancing bitumen properties Figure A. Shematic diagram of pyrolysis system and char productPurpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of char produced from co-pyrolysis of sycamore leaves and waste plastic cups as additive on bitumen viscosity and high temperature performance grade. Theory and Methods:The pyrolysis method was used for producing char from sycamore leaves and waste plastic cups. Pyrolysis process was carried out at 500-520°C temperature and oxygen free environment. 50/70 penetration bitumen was modified with the char produced at the ratio of 6% and 12% by weight of bitumen. Pure bitumen and modified bitumens were subjected to the penetration test, softening point test, rotational viscosity (RV) test and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. Additionally, penetration index (PI) values of bituminous binders were determined to evaluate the temperature susceptibilities of bituminous binders. Results:According to the rotational viscosity (RV) test results, the pyrolysis char used in this study increased the viscosity of pure bitumen approximately 33% and 83% at 135°C for the ratio of 6% and 12% respectively. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) test results showed that this additive increased the rutting parameter (G*/sinδ) of pure bitumen 46% and 24% for 6% and 12% modified bitumens at 70°C respectively. As a result, this additive increased the pure bitumen viscosity and high temperature PG of pure bitumen from PG 64 to PG 70. Conclusion:The pyrolysis char used in this study as additive in bitumen increased the softening point, viscosity and high temperature PG of pure bitumen while decreased the penetration value and temperature susceptibility. Therefore, this additive increased the rutting resistance of pure bitumen. It can be said that this additive enhanced the properties of pure bitumen and it can be used as additive in bitumen in hot climate regions.

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Influences of feedstock sources and pyrolysis temperature on the properties of biochar and functionality as adsorbents: A meta-analysis

Cited by 408 publications

References 147 publications

Biochar and Its Broad Impacts in Soil Quality and Fertility, Nutrient Leaching and Crop Productivity: A Review

Biochar and Its Broad Impacts in Soil Quality and Fertility, Nutrient Leaching and Crop Productivity: A Review

Mesoporous Biopolymer Architecture Enhanced the Adsorption and Selectivity of Aqueous Heavy-Metal Ions

Atık çınar yaprakları ve plastik bardakların birlikte pirolizinden üretilen piroliz çarının bitümün viskozitesi ve yüksek sıcaklık performans sınıfı üzerine etkisi

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