Influences of Hatchery Supplementation, Spawner Distribution, and Habitat on Genetic Structure of Chinook Salmon in the South Fork Salmon River, Idaho

Matala, Andrew P.; Narum, Shawn R.; Young, Warren; Vogel, Jason L.

doi:10.1080/02755947.2012.678961

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…The lack of prior history of hatchery influence in our system, as evidenced by a lack of hatchery influence detected in Johnson Creek and the Secesh River (unsupplemented) compared with the heavily supplemented upper mainstem of the SFSR (Matala et al . ), may be an important difference between the hatchery programme evaluated in our study and the systems that have been evaluated in other studies. Domestication impacts from nearby hatchery releases are possible despite the effort to exclude hatchery strays from Johnson Creek; however, those impacts are greatly reduced compared with other systems that are the topic of published RRS studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Supportive breeding boosts natural population abundance with minimal negative impacts on fitness of a wild population of Chinook salmon

et al. 2012

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While supportive breeding programmes strive to minimize negative genetic impacts to populations, case studies have found evidence for reduced fitness of artificially produced individuals when they reproduce in the wild. Pedigrees of two complete generations were tracked with molecular markers to investigate differences in reproductive success (RS) of wild and hatchery-reared Chinook salmon spawning in the natural environment to address questions regarding the demographic and genetic impacts of supplementation to a natural population. Results show a demographic boost to the population from supplementation. On average, fish taken into the hatchery produced 4.7 times more adult offspring, and 1.3 times more adult grand-offspring than naturally reproducing fish. Of the wild and hatchery fish that successfully reproduced, we found no significant differences in RS between any comparisons, but hatchery-reared males typically had lower RS values than wild males. Mean relative reproductive success (RRS) for hatchery F1 females and males was 1.11 (P = 0.84) and 0.89 (P = 0.56), respectively. RRS of hatchery-reared fish (H) that mated in the wild with either hatchery or wild-origin (W) fish was generally equivalent to W × W matings. Mean RRS of H × W and H × H matings was 1.07 (P = 0.92) and 0.94 (P = 0.95), respectively. We conclude that fish chosen for hatchery rearing did not have a detectable negative impact on the fitness of wild fish by mating with them for a single generation. Results suggest that supplementation following similar management practices (e.g. 100% local, wild-origin brood stock) can successfully boost population size with minimal impacts on the fitness of salmon in the wild.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Supportive breeding boosts natural population abundance with minimal negative impacts on fitness of a wild population of Chinook salmon

et al. 2012

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“…Wild populations are not completely isolated from hatchery programs, so if real, such interactions could influence viability. Previous analyses have suggested that hatchery fish have had minimal influence on genetic diversity in this ESU despite high numbers of hatchery strays on spawning grounds (Van Doornik et al 2011, 2013, Matala et al 2012. Others found reduced fitness of offspring from hatchery parents (Christie et al 2014).…”

Section: Managing Metapopulations Despite Uncertaintymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…, , Matala et al. ). Others found reduced fitness of offspring from hatchery parents (Christie et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting spatial conservation priorities despite incomplete data for characterizing metapopulations

Fullerton

Anzalone

Moran

et al. 2016

Ecological Applications

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Management of spatially structured species poses unique challenges. Despite a strong theoretical foundation, practitioners rarely have sufficient empirical data to evaluate how populations interact. Rather, assumptions about connectivity and source-sink dynamics are often based on incomplete, extrapolated, or modeled data, if such interactions are even considered at all. Therefore, it has been difficult to evaluate whether spatially structured species are meeting conservation goals. We evaluated how estimated metapopulation structure responded to estimates of population sizes and dispersal probabilities and to the set of populations included. We then compared outcomes of alternative management strategies that target conservation of metapopulation processes. We illustrated these concepts for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Snake River, USA. Our description of spatial structure for this metapopulation was consistent with previous characterizations. We found substantial differences in estimated metapopulation structure when we had incomplete information about all populations and when we used different sources of data (three empirical, two modeled) to estimate dispersal, whereas responses to population size estimates were more consistent. Together, these findings suggest that monitoring efforts should target all populations occasionally and populations that play key roles frequently and that multiple types of data should be collected when feasible. When empirical data are incomplete or of uneven quality, analyses using estimates produced from an ensemble of available datasets can help conservation planners and managers weigh near-term options. Doing so, we found trade-offs in connectivity and source dominance in metapopulation-level responses to alternative management strategies that suggest which types of approaches may be inherently less risky.

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“…Finer-scale structure in Chinook salmon within smaller coastal watersheds (e.g., the Siletz River <120 km) has been relatively unstudied. Matala et al (2012) identified spatial structuring of Chinook salmon in the South Fork Salmon River (SFSR,~90 km), which is part of the Columbia River system. Chinook salmon that spawned within the main stem SFSR were significantly different from individuals returning to two other tributaries within the subbasin.…”

Section: Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has become evident that genetic data can inform many decisions relating to management strategies, especially those that are aimed at maintaining abundance and genetic diversity in natural salmon populations (Olsen et al 2000;Eldridge and Killebrew 2007;Grandjean et al 2009;Brenkman et al 2012;Matala et al 2012). Without such information there is great risk of losing important life history variation that enables resilience of anadromous species to changing environments.…”

Section: Conservation Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of multiple genetically distinct populations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a small coastal watershed

2017

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Management and restoration planning for Pacific salmon is often characterized by efforts at broad multi-basin scales. However, finer-scale genetic and phenotypic variability may be present within individual basins and can be overlooked in such efforts, even though it may be a critical component for long-term viability. Here, we investigate Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) within the Siletz River, a small coastal watershed in Oregon, USA. Adult Chinook salmon were genotyped using neutral microsatellite markers, single nucleotide polymorphisms and Badaptive^loci, associated with temporal variation in migratory behavior in many salmon populations, to investigate genetic diversity based upon both spatial and temporal variation in migratory and reproductive behavior. Results from all three marker types identified two genetically distinct populations in the basin, corresponding to early returning fish that spawn above a waterfall, a spring-run population, and later returning fish spawning below the waterfall, a fall-run population. This finding is an important consideration for management of the species, as spring-run populations generally only have been recognized in large watersheds, and highlights the need to evaluate population structure of salmon within smaller watersheds, and thereby increase the probability of successful conservation of salmon species.

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Influences of Hatchery Supplementation, Spawner Distribution, and Habitat on Genetic Structure of Chinook Salmon in the South Fork Salmon River, Idaho

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Supportive breeding boosts natural population abundance with minimal negative impacts on fitness of a wild population of Chinook salmon

Supportive breeding boosts natural population abundance with minimal negative impacts on fitness of a wild population of Chinook salmon

Setting spatial conservation priorities despite incomplete data for characterizing metapopulations

Identification of multiple genetically distinct populations of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a small coastal watershed

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